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Not Out Of Africa: How ""Afrocentrism"" Became An Excuse To Teach Myth As History (New Republic Book) Paperback – July 10, 1997

4.3 4.3 out of 5 stars 175 ratings

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Not Out of Africa has sparked widespread debate over the teaching of revisionist history in schools and colleges. Was Socrates black? Did Aristotle steal his ideas from the library in Alexandria? Do we owe the underlying tenets of our democratic civilizaiton to the Africans? Mary Lefkowitz explains why politically motivated histories of the ancient world are being written and shows how Afrocentrist claims blatantly contradict the historical evidence. Not Out of Africa is an important book that protects and argues for the necessity of historical truths and standards in cultural education. For this new paperback edition, Mary Lefkowitz has written an epilogue in which she responds to her critics and offers topics for further discussion. She has also added supplementary notes, a bibliography with suggestions for further reading, and a glossary of names.

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Editorial Reviews

About the Author

Mary Lefkowitz is the Andrew W. Mellon Professor in the Humanities at Wellesley College. She is the author of many books on ancient Greece and Rome, including Lives of the Greek Poets and Women in Greek Myth, as well as articles for the Wall Street Journal and the New Republic. She is the coeditor of Women's Life in Greece and Rome and Black Athena Revisited.

Product details

  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ Basic Books; Reprint edition (July 10, 1997)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Paperback ‏ : ‎ 320 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 046509838X
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0465098385
  • Lexile measure ‏ : ‎ 1530L
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 8.8 ounces
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 5.5 x 0.73 x 8.5 inches
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.3 4.3 out of 5 stars 175 ratings

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4.3 out of 5 stars
175 global ratings

Top reviews from the United States

Reviewed in the United States on November 14, 2011
LOOK OUT. MAKE ROOM. HERE COMES mary lefkowitz. !

allow me to start by saying that, i'm not seeking to disregard the realities / beauty of egypt (MY SOUL will detest such feelings - i respect ALL CULTURES period).
i'm far from the BENT mind(s) that hide via their cute pathetic / stereotypical / disguised political propaganda of racism horse dung: I -am - better - then - you CRAP.

* this is the type of read that compels your eyeballs to appreciate a concrete view. also, once the reader(s) turns the first page, he / she will fell the rhythmic reality / smooth arguments that lefkowitz presents ( her ways of thinking are like a lion - beautiful / sensitive. yet with strong muscle power ).

this book thus has both a negative and a positive purpose. The negative purpose is to show that the afrocentric myth of ancient history is a myth, and not history. the positive purpose is to encourage people to learn as much about ancient egypt and ancient greece as possible - lefkowitz. Preface.
( she sure got me into diving into the pool of solid / true history of the ancients - yeeee haaa )

the reason why i gave this book 5 sweat stars is because i can't doubt it.
this wonderful woman ( marry lefkowitz ) made her views clear, and right to the point (without the political horse dung). she, without - a - shred - of - hesitation / fear, grabbed the bull by its horns and struck SEVERAL nerves - the bull, obviously is not walking / thinking straight.

according to my limited knowledge / wisdom, this fantastic read serves 4 principles ( not to say that there aren't more ):
1) never judge a book by its cover.
2) there are two sides for every story period
3) what is factual today is myth tomorrow
4) a bent limited / stereotypical / egotistical mind.

i will briefly touch on these numbers.

1. the title of this book alone should give an electrical shock to those of BENT afrocentrism. Why BENT? Because, there are too many who are postmodernists. It's true, not all of those that appreciate afrocentrism will feel the shock waves of the title...

2. lefkowitz clearly lets the readers know that her case is not ambiguously twisted. She also PIN POINTS (for the benefit of the readers) WHY (via reliable ( in a sense of checkmate ) references ( BETTER YET. from her opponent( s )) so that one may happily check and appreciate why lefkowitz confutes the particular weak argument / clear propaganda / falsehood of her opponent( s ). ie., pp. 149 / 231...

3. this understanding is without a doubt true. there are too many of unfortunates that have glued themselves to certain schools of thought (be it theology / philosophy). when the time arrives to prove to the contrary their isms or core of acceptance, naturally, there will either be some resistance / denial or an honest acknowledgement of the foreign view...

4. one can't help put to sincerely appreciate lekowitz's research into the motives / inspirations / influences of the mind(s) that were pervaded via afrocentrism. - edward wilmot blyden / marcus garvey. pp. 127-134...* her understanding to WHY (psychology), of the afrocentrism is crucial - pp. 125-126...

i know for sure that this solid read will serve well for two types of mind, 1 ) intelligent 2 ) intelligent.
this read is clear-cut - right to the matter ( i respect that she's not full of %$#@).
mary lefkowitz is disliked by many...so was malcolm x (rip) - malcolm x (AFTER dumping the nation of islam - BENT extreme afrocentrism) spoke his mind ...lefkowitz is also speaking hers... - sit back with a cup of wine and enjoy this promising read ~ NOT OUT OF AFRICA.

i know that i will read this book ( n-u-t c-r-a-c-k-e-r ) several times.
lefkowitz has broaden my perception / respect. - she has a mind like a double edge sword.

* if you are the type that has a narrow ( indoctrinated ) mind ( " my (our) way or the high way" crap), then this read is not for you period
if you have a flexible brain and appreciate sound views ( lefkowitz's )then you will gladly respect her BLOWS...- i believe it is essential for all of us to realize that some action needs to be taken. it is not simply a matter of doing justice to the ancient greeks and their modern decedents. universities must encourage free inquiry and debate, and not permit the classroom to be used as a means of political indoctrination - lefkowitz p. 11 ~ NOT OUT OF AFRICA

* this read moves like the waters of the sea. trust me, your mind will see and smell the sweet honey of her flow - sit back with some wine and enjoy, NOT OUT OF AFRICA.
bless her / family.

Peace.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 5, 2007
I have come to this issue of Afrocentrism late, and thus to this book late. As a teacher of ancient Greek philosophy, when I heard of these claims of Egyptian antecedents of Greek philosophy I felt compelled to look into them. I read two books: first Innocent C. Onyewuenyi's "The African Origin of Greek Philosophy," and Molefi Kete Asante's "The Egyptian Philosophers," and was unimpressed by the arguments (my reviews of both are on this site). I also read a part of the first volume of Martin Bernal's "Black Athena" and was equally unimpressed.

Mary Lefkowitz's book is unfortunate in two respects. It is unfortunate that in certain areas of academe political aspirations have motivated tawdry scholarship of the sort that she feels compelled to respond to. Postmodernist fantasies and certain elements of radical feminist studies serve as other sad examples. Secondly, it is unfortunate that Lefkowitz must divert from her own productive research to write a book that goes back to the basics of classical studies to refute the many absurd claims made by afrocentrists. Indeed I think the reason that many reputed scholars don't do this yeoman work is that they don't wish to be distracted from their own work for what they quite correctly regard as nonsense. But unfortunately the nonsense is growing in influence, and so all scholars owe Lefkowitz a debt of gratitude for her willingness to take on such a thankless task.

Lefkowitz is thorough in her approach. She doesn't simply correct the multitude of errors that afrocentrists make in the development of their arguments. In addition she does two other things to seal the case. For one, she tracks down the modern sources of the conceptualization of ancient Egypt which provide the framework for afrocentrist arguments. This framework is the so-called ancient Egyptian Mystery System-an imagined system of education administered by the Egyptians that was supposed to have branches throughout the ancient world. This she traces back to a fictional novel written in the 18th century by Abbe Jean Terrasson. Terrasson's fantasy was preserved as factual within Free Masonry since its publication, and is the "scholarly resource" upon which afrocentrists have based their arguments.

The second thing Lefkowitz does is to point out various errant methodological principles upon which afrocentrists rely. There is what Lefkowitz calls "the argument from silence": the absence of any texts of Egyptian origin that might confirm the afrocentrist's argument is thought to bolster their view. Technically in logic this is ignoratio elenchi, or argument from ignorance. Martin Bernal argues in this manner when he insists that the traditional creation myths of ancient Egypt "must" have been for popular consumption, and there "must" have been a more abstract and theoretical basis for them preserved by the priests of Egypt. Where are the texts? Not only is this argument from ignorance, but it ignores the implausibility that any abstract interpretation of the myths would undoubtedly require written expression. Abstract and complex conceptualizations can only be developed in writing. Lefkowitz also notes the tendency of afrocentrists to use the fallacy of post hoc, propter hoc, that is, if someone in Egyptian culture says something that sounds like what the later Greek philosophers said, then there must have been influence. This ignores the difficulty of justifying the claim of influence. Comparative studies between western and eastern modes of thought have been an ongoing concern for some decades, centered in Hawaii's East/West Center, and their journal. Fascinating parallels have been discovered, but the issue of influence has never been raised. What appears to be clear from these studies is that human thought can converge at times, without any influence.

Lefkowitz has done all scholars of ancient thought the great service of setting the record straight. The myths of a massive influence, or even identity (cf. Onyewuenyi) are dispelled. What I wish is that the efforts of African and African-American scholars cease to concentrate on this quixotic search for Egyptian antecedents of Greek philosophy and give all of us some insight into the viewpoints, customs, ideas of African people throughout the continent. Culture never fails to offer fascinating and important cognitive fruit. It is the time for this to come to light.
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Enock
5.0 out of 5 stars Excelente e muito didático
Reviewed in Brazil on February 5, 2023
Gostei muito das explicações. Eu já conhecia alguns dos detalhes, como, por exemplo, o fato de Cleópatra ser de origem macedônica. Por outro, os demais detalhes, a parte cronológica dos filósofos gregos e as explicações sobre o Egito, foram muito interessantes.
Francoise F.
5.0 out of 5 stars Fantastic
Reviewed in France on September 17, 2024
Great seller ! For a Amazing book
John
5.0 out of 5 stars More relevant than ever.
Reviewed in Canada on September 21, 2018
This book is very well written. It's arguments are logical and its proofs are solid. We need more qualified people like this to speak up and challenge the sorry state of our academia.
Paul Marks
5.0 out of 5 stars The title is correct.
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on July 13, 2014
A work that tries to tell the truth about Greek civilisation - to fight against the absurd mythology that is being taught to American (and other) students.

Myth may be politically useful - but scholars should seek the truth and teach the truth.