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Optimizing Oracle Performance: A Practitioner's Guide to Optimizing Response Time

by Cary Millsap (Author), Jeff Holt (Author)
4.3 4.3 out of 5 stars 47 ratings
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Oracle system performance inefficiencies often go undetected for months or even years--even under intense scrutiny--because traditional Oracle performance analysis methods and tools are fundamentally flawed. They're unreliable and inefficient. Oracle DBAs and developers are all too familiar with the outlay of time and resources, blown budgets, missed deadlines, and marginally effective performance fiddling that is commonplace with traditional methods of Oracle performance tuning. In this crucial book, Cary Millsap, former VP of Oracle's System Performance Group, clearly and concisely explains how to use Oracle's response time statistics to diagnose and repair performance problems. Cary also shows how "queueing theory" can be applied to response time statistics to predict the impact of upgrades and other system changes. Optimizing Oracle Performance eliminates the time-consuming, trial-and-error guesswork inherent in most conventional approaches to tuning. You can determine exactly where a system's performance problem is, and with equal importance, where it is not, in just a few minutes--even if the problem is several years old. Optimizing Oracle Performance cuts a path through the complexity of current tuning methods, and streamlines an approach that focuses on optimization techniques that any DBA can use quickly and successfully to make noticeable--even dramatic--improvements. For example, the one thing database users care most about is response time. Naturally, DBAs focus much of their time and effort towards improving response time. But it is entirely too easy to spend hundreds of hours to improve important system metrics such as hit ratios, average latencies, and wait times, only to find users are unable to perceive the difference. And an expensive hardware upgrade may not help either. It doesn't have to be that way. Technological advances have added impact, efficiency, measurability, predictive capacity, reliability, speed, and practicality to the science of Oracle performance optimization. Optimizing Oracle Performance shows you how to slash the frustration and expense associated with unraveling the true root cause of any type of performance problem, and reliably predict future performance. The price of this essential book will be paid back in hours saved the first time its methods are used.
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  1. ISBN-10
    059600527X
  2. ISBN-13
    978-0596005276
  3. Publisher
    O'Reilly Media
  4. Publication date
    October 21, 2003
  5. Language
    English
  6. Dimensions
    7 x 0.98 x 9.19 inches
  7. Print length
    416 pages
  8. See all details
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Amazon First Reads | Editors' picks at exclusive prices

Editorial Reviews

About the Author

Cary Millsap is the former Vice President of Oracle's System Performance Group and the cofounder of Hotsos, a company dedicated to Oracle system performance. Hotsos provides performance-improvement tools for Oracle environments and also delivers training in the form of clinics and symposiums. Cary is also a founding member of the Oak Table Network (http://www.oaktable.net), an informal association of "Oracle Scientists" well known throughout the Oracle community.

Jeff Holt is one of the world's most productive Oracle performance optimization specialists. He has tremendous experience in constructing training programs and software tools to optimize the system performance management process. He is a former support analyst and consultant at Oracle Corporation, where he served as a technology leader in the System Performance Group. He is the Hotsos Tools lead designer and developer, the author of several technical papers, a Hotsos founding employee, and a Hotsos Clinic principal developer.

Product details

  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ O'Reilly Media (October 21, 2003)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Paperback ‏ : ‎ 416 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 059600527X
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0596005276
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 1.41 pounds
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 7 x 0.98 x 9.19 inches
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.3 4.3 out of 5 stars 47 ratings

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  1. Mr. Cary V. Millsap

    Mr. Cary V. Millsap

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    Cary Millsap spent the 1990s learning a lifetime’s worth of lessons about software performance as a consultant for Oracle Corporation. In his ten years at Oracle, he personally helped over a hundred customers, and he created an elite 85-person team who have helped hundreds more.

    He left Oracle in 1999 to grow his family, and he has been an entrepreneur ever since. Cary has educated thousands of professionals through his commitment to writing, teaching, and speaking at public events. His books “Tracing Oracle” and “Mastering Oracle Trace Data” help professionals optimize any Oracle-based application.

    His newest book, “How to Make Things Faster: Lessons in Performance from Technology and Everyday Life,” is for anybody who is curious about performance and how to improve it.

    See more on the author's page
  2. Jeff Holt

    Jeff Holt

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    Discover more of the author’s books, see similar authors, read book recommendations and more.

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Customer reviews

4.3 out of 5 stars
47 global ratings

Top reviews from the United States

Donald Burleson
5.0 out of 5 stars Fantastic internals coverage, worthy of the senior DBA
Reviewed in the United States on October 11, 2003
Verified Purchase
Cary's book has validated by belief that successful Oracle tuning requires an in-depth understanding of advanced software engineering concepts, including algorithm theory, queuing theory, Calculus, and multivariate statistics. Using these CS tools, Millsap explains the internals mechanisms of the Oracle engine.
After dusting-off my 1970's Calculus texts (thank God I took 4 semesters of Calculus), I was able to start this epic tome.
This is not an easy read! While not quite as slow as reading Ulysses (James Joyce), expect to spend many hours digesting and understanding the mathematical equations and concepts in this text.
For those with the appropriate College-level background (A Masters in Computer Science or Electrical Engineering), the book is wonderful (or so I'm told, I'm just an MBA).
Packed with queuing theory and advanced CS concepts, Millsap does a wonderful job applying the CS theory with the operational working of Oracle, especially with respect to wait event analysis.
The section of using SQL*trace and 10046 trace files are the hallmark of the Millsap approach, and Cary has done a wonderful job explaining this is plain English, with lot's of references to the v$ structures.
The only shortcoming of this book is that it may be too advanced for marginal Oracle professionals who do not possess the appropriate math and statistics background to appreciate the illustrations.
With respect to technical accuracy, the book is well annotated and researched, and the only issue I found was that Millsap's explanation of the pdf Poisson distributions were "fishy". (Sorry, I couldn't resist!)
Otherwise, this is an outstanding technical resource, worthy of the practicing Oracle database administrator.
2 people found this helpful
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Duke P. Ganote
4.0 out of 5 stars Unvarnished Truth from an Oracle Craftsman
Reviewed in the United States on July 9, 2011
Verified Purchase
OOP applies Goldratt's The Goal: A Process of Ongoing Improvement to the Oracle DBMS. A quite readable bridge between theory and practice with few missteps. The best parts: clear exposition and stories, especially (1) why "eliminate unnecessary work" is usually the best approach, (2) why Oracle's so-called "wait events" aren't "waits" in queuing parlance. OOP is a great way to get the most business value from your configured Oracle system.

Missteps are, in my experience, (1) too much Markovian queuing theory and formulas --discrete event simulation with real world distributions is far more practical (2) no guidance on what to do when you've "maxed out" your existing configuration... add more CPU? more disk? dunno.

I've had this book on my shelf since 2004 beside Tom Kyte's Expert Oracle: Signature Edition (Expert One-On-One). Both are essential classics for the Oracle practitioner.
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R Freeman
5.0 out of 5 stars This is an Oracle classic....
Reviewed in the United States on September 26, 2003
Verified Purchase
In a style that will be appreciated by the beginner, intermediate and advanced DBA/Developer, Cary and Jeff introduce the reader to the world of the Oracle wait interface. This book has depth, the contents are full of meat, and it's not a rehash of every other Oracle book published in the last 10 years. In these pages is something for everyone. Cary introduces the wait interface, and how it can be used for tuning. The book presents the topic in a clear and concise fashion.
The book is full of detail such as concise information on the internal workings of Oracle trace files and how to use them to your advantage when tuning your Oracle database. They demonstrate the power of the 10046 event and it's potential.
Putting all of this together into a performance tuning method he calls Method-R, they lead us from tuning by guess work into a world of facts and using accurate measures to generate appropriate tuning responses.
This book IS required reading for any DBA who wants to be elevated to the level of a tuning deity. I've already dog eared a goodly number of pages!
13 people found this helpful
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Jaewoo Kim
4.0 out of 5 stars Technically great, somewhat outdated, and very wordy
Reviewed in the United States on March 12, 2008
Verified Purchase
This book covers Oracle 8 and 9. But its technical explanations are very much valid for Oracle 10g.

Although the author's beautiful explanation of 10046 traces and waits are worth its weight in gold, much of the information could have been condensed into fewer pages. Regrettably, most of the book are fillers. The author tries to explain much of his thoughts in mathematical formuls (nothing difficult) but it didn't add to the comprehension of the topic.

One thing which made this book stand out was the problems and exercises at the end of each chapter. They were helpful, and unique among Oracle books, in enabling the reader to understand the topic more thoroughly.

Overall, I recommend this book. But I have read better, and more comprehensive, books on the Oracle performance.
3 people found this helpful
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M. Stewart
5.0 out of 5 stars A real page turner
Reviewed in the United States on October 2, 2006
Verified Purchase
This book is so interesting that on a couple occasions I've fallen asleep reading it, because I want to "find out what happens next" -- not because it is boring. Even the chapter on queueing theory that has a lot of math in it is understandable and interesting, even though I have a mild aversion to math.

It has highlighted a lot of very useful techniques to ensure you focus on the true problems, and not the various ratios we've taken as absolute truth for so many years. I can't wait to try these concepts out!
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Ace Barker
5.0 out of 5 stars good boo
Reviewed in the United States on May 9, 2013
Verified Purchase
good book on the fundamentals of oracle database performance. Trace, tkprof, etc. tools for analyzing and tuning sql statements in your database
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Top reviews from other countries

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Sahan Seneviratne
5.0 out of 5 stars Five Stars
Reviewed in Canada on April 24, 2018
Verified Purchase
The best thing I have read for a while and devour at least one a week
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Baman
4.0 out of 5 stars But I would like to see an updated edition referring till 12c
Reviewed in India on July 12, 2015
Verified Purchase
Yes, it speaks about oracle 9i, but I feel I can still use the concept for the next database versions as well. This is kind of "all generation book". I Thank You Carry for writing this book. But I would like to see an updated edition referring till 12c.
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M. Preiss
5.0 out of 5 stars Klassiker der Oracle-Optimierung
Reviewed in Germany on March 22, 2014
Verified Purchase
Nachdem mir vor kurzem aufgefallen war, dass ich kein Exemplar von Cary Millsaps Standardwerk mehr besaß, habe ich mir noch mal eines gekauft und es auch noch einmal gelesen - und es gibt nicht viele Oracle-Bücher, die ich mir mehr als zehn Jahre nach ihrer Erstveröffentlichung erneut kaufen würde. Natürlich sind viele technische Details inzwischen überholt, aber erstaunlich viele Punkte sind immer noch aktuell - insbesondere die grundsätzliche Erkenntnis, dass Datenbank-Optimierung (und das betrifft nicht nur Oracle) nicht von globalen statistischen Werten, sondern von der Wahrnehmung der Anwender und von den Erfordernissen der Arbeit mit der Software getrieben werden sollte (und damit von wirtschaftlichen Fragestellungen). Auch wenn die großen Tage der Buffer-Cache-Hit-Ratio vorüber sind, erfolgt Performance-Optimierung auch heute noch häufig auf der Basis von Vermutungen und Annahmen (Trial and Error) - und nicht auf der Verwendung (simpler empirischer) wissenschaftlicher Verfahrensweisen, wie sie bei Millsap beschrieben werden. Neben den eher allgemeinen Aussagen zur Verfahrensweise enthält der Text auch eine ganze Reihe wichtiger Informationen, die noch immer zutreffend sind: etwa die umfassende Beschreibung von SQL Trace, die auch für aktuelle Releases nahezu uneingeschränkt gültig ist (und die ich sonst nirgendwo in ähnlicher Klarheit gefunden habe). Daher halte ich das Buch noch immer für lesenswert und würde es mir bei erneutem Verlust wahrscheinlich auch noch einmal kaufen.
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ebattitude
4.0 out of 5 stars Très bon
Reviewed in France on December 12, 2009
Verified Purchase
Une approche originale et très tertinente de l'optimisation des bases de données Oracle.
Un peu de fraicheur en ces temps où le "tout-objet" fait office de pensée unique dans le monde de l'informatique d'entreprise. Ce livre prouve, s'il en était besoin, que le nerf de la guerre reste une gestion intelligente et efficace des données de l'entreprise. Une base de données n'est pas qu'un sac à données (un système de fichiers un peu élaboré) sur lequel on vient greffer un mapping objet-relationnel, quintescence du développement objet en entreprise, selon certains.

Ce livre est là pour rappeler que la performance se joue avant tout à la source, dans le SGBD lui même. Si cela n'est pas compris, il n'y a aucun espoir de faire un système d'informations performant et viable en entreprise, modèle objet ou non plaqué dessus.

Certains raisonnements de l'auteur sont parfois un peu dur à suivre, c'est un livre qui se comprend en "plusieurs passes".
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Uwe K.
5.0 out of 5 stars Optimierung statt Tuning
Reviewed in Germany on October 15, 2008
Verified Purchase
Viel Literatur existiert zum Oracle Performance Tuning, und häufig (besonders im Internet) geraten die Ansätze dabei zum Stochern im Nebel bzw. zum Tuning um des Tunings willen.
Bewusst haben die Autoren hier statt "Tuning" den Begriff "Optimization" verwendet, um ihre wissenschaftliche und zielorientierte Methode (genannt "Method R") von anderen zu differenzieren. Obwohl die Lektüre durch die zahlreichen theoretischen Ausführungen nicht einfach ist, ist dieses Buch das erste Oracle-Buch (von sehr vielen), das ich von Anfang bis Ende durchgelesen habe. Denn hier wird jenseits von Listen mit Systemparametern eine Methode zur gezielten Suche nach Engpässen und deren Verursachern vorgestellt, mit der man zuverlässige Ergebnisse erzielen und den Nutzen von Änderungsaufwänden beziffern kann. Auch kann man die vorgestellten Verfahren nutzen um zu bestimmen, wann die Antwortzeiten eines Systems kritische Werte erreichen.
Alles in allem hat mir dieses Buch viele wertvolle Anregungen für meine tägliche Praxis im Troubleshooting und Optimieren gegeben.
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