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Our Final Invention: Artificial Intelligence and the End of the Human Era Paperback – February 17, 2015
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Elon Musk named Our Final Invention one of 5 books everyone should read about the future
A Huffington Post Definitive Tech Book of 2013
In as little as a decade, artificial intelligence could match and then surpass human intelligence. Corporations and government agencies around the world are pouring billions into achieving AI's Holy Grail―human-level intelligence. Once AI has attained it, scientists argue, it will have survival drives much like our own. We may be forced to compete with a rival more cunning, more powerful, and more alien than we can imagine.
Through profiles of tech visionaries, industry watchdogs, and groundbreaking AI systems, James Barrat's Our Final Invention explores the perils of the heedless pursuit of advanced AI. Until now, human intelligence has had no rival. Can we coexist with beings whose intelligence dwarfs our own? And will they allow us to?
- Print length352 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- Publication dateFebruary 17, 2015
- Dimensions5.5 x 0.85 x 8.25 inches
- ISBN-101250058783
- ISBN-13978-1250058782
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Learn more how customers reviews work on AmazonCustomers say
Customers find the book thought-provoking and informative with deep insights. They describe it as a fun, compelling read that is worth considering. However, some readers feel the content is repetitive and overdramatic in certain areas. Opinions differ on the writing style - some find it intelligent and easy to read, while others consider it not the most technical or deepest on the subject. There are mixed feelings about the scariness level - some find it interesting and frightening, while others consider it alarmist.
AI-generated from the text of customer reviews
Customers find the book thought-provoking and gripping to read. They appreciate the deep and powerful insights contained in it. The book is well-researched and easy to read. Readers find the opinions of experts fascinating and alarming. The book provides an excellent analysis of the situation and the triumphs of artificial intelligence.
"...Most of them bring up similar, valid points. Barrat has written an intelligent, highly readable book that is also, frankly, pretty alarming...." Read more
"...Our Final Invention is a thought-provoking and valuable book...." Read more
"...This guy has the kind of snappy, crisp, slightly sarcastic, slightly smartass style that I enjoy. He has some sense of humor...." Read more
"...For that reason I'm giving this three stars -- it is a tremendously important subject...." Read more
Customers find the book engaging and well-written. They find it informative and worth reading, with compelling content like interviews with Kurzweil and Vinge. The book is well-received for its thought-provoking and gripping storytelling.
"...Barrat has written an intelligent, highly readable book that is also, frankly, pretty alarming...." Read more
"...First off I have to say this is a very enjoyable read...." Read more
"This is a brilliant, must-read book. I can’t recommend it highly enough. If you care about the future of mankind, you owe it to yourself to read it." Read more
"...It is nevertheless a superb book for its intended purpose: raising public awareness of the existential risk posed by this development...." Read more
Customers find the book's writing style readable and thought-provoking. They appreciate the non-jargonistic writing style and easy narrative. However, some readers feel the book lacks depth and technicality, with questionable digressions and problematic arguments.
"...These correlations if anything make the book readable and worth buying," Read more
"...However, the author is himself clearly non-technical and has a sensationalist style that feels too much like tabloid writing...." Read more
"...It is well written and easy to understand, and it makes one wonder. Are we SMART enough to realize that we may never have that second chance?..." Read more
"...the computer science behind AI may be unfamiliar to you, it is not difficult to grasp, particularly with Barrat as the guide...." Read more
Customers have different views on the book's scariness level. Some find it well-researched, interesting, and frightening, while others feel it's alarmist and misleading.
"Very intriguing subject...." Read more
"This is a very disturbing, but sober and thoughtful analysis of the threats we face as we head into the age of artificial general intelligence...." Read more
"...I believe it has great promise, but I do agree that it is also terrifyingly dangerous (in the "existential-threat" sense), and that..." Read more
"A very interesting book that lays out the case for why we should be very hesitant to embrace AI beyond narrow AI...." Read more
Customers find the book repetitive and boring. They mention it's overdramatic in some places, offering no new knowledge and becoming quite dull. While the author has a lot of imagination, they feel the book lacks specific work or experiments offered in support. There is also a lack of mention of how artistic skills fit into the theory proposed, and the style feels sensationalist.
"...However, the author is himself clearly non-technical and has a sensationalist style that feels too much like tabloid writing...." Read more
"...material isn't interesting but because I felt like the author constantly repeated himself. I get it: The AI is going to kill us all...." Read more
"A fascinating read. I think a little redundant and overdramatic in some places otherwise it gets 5 stars...." Read more
"...2. No mention of how artistic skills fit into the theory proposed...." Read more
Customers find the book unsatisfactory. They say it's redundant at times and not worth reading. However, overall it provides a good overview of how AI can be dangerous.
"...May go back and reread parts, however, the book was not interesting for me...." Read more
"...I didn't like this book. I thought it was alarmist fluff and a waste of money and time." Read more
"A little redundant at times but overall it gives a good look into how AI can explode and the danger behind it." Read more
"...Waste of money in my opinion." Read more
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The issue of our time -- where humanity is headed.
Top reviews from the United States
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- Reviewed in the United States on November 5, 2024I read this book in 2013 when it was first published. It is now near the end of 2024, 12 years later. Back in 2013, you rarely read about AI (artificial intelligence), AGI (artificial general intelligence) or ASI (artificial super intelligence); now, I see mention of them in the press and other media almost daily.
Barrat's book attempts two things: (1) to convince the reader that artificial intelligence is here today and growing --- and its growth is accelerating, and (2) to argue that humanity MUST develop ways to instill AI with some type of morality or ethics, so that, even though its intelligence will surpass that of humanity, it will in some sense respect its creators and not turn on us. In the first effort, Barrat certainly succeeds --- the past 12 years have proved that. But, based on what I have been hearing and reading since ChatGPT hit the internet two years ago, except for a few voices crying out in the wilderness, humanity is making little if any progress on the second item --- perhaps that task is close to impossible?
Barrat defines AGI as a level of intelligence roughly equal to that of human beings. He defines ASI as a level of intelligence greater than that. He then argues that AI will soon be able to both replicate itself and increase its intelligence --- and do so more and more rapidly. In 2024, I repeatedly read that AI will reach AGI within the next 3 to 5 years --- then, how long will it be before AGI learns to improve itself? Think of intelligence measured by points on a continuum (like a number line from high school math). AGI (modern day human-level intelligence) is a fixed point on that continuum. But at what point, either somewhat smaller than AGI or somewhat larger than AGI, will AI, of its own accord, begin to move to higher and higher points on the continuum (which is what Barrat means by AI improving itself)? We have no way of knowing, but Barrat argues convincingly that this phenomenon WILL occur, and most of the book is devoted to this argument.
Digression: Our universe contains billions and billions of planets, and, I suspect, many with life, and, many of those with intelligent life. Won't a substantial number of them have gone through the AGI - ASI process? Is there no evidence of this that we can detect with our telescopes? In a universe populated with ASI's, why haven't we heard anything? Are we one of the first civilizations to develop artificial intelligence? Barrat doesn't open this Pandora's box, but I suspect he was tempted to (see pp. 90 - 92).
To the curious reader: Look through the other 5-star reviews. Most of them bring up similar, valid points. Barrat has written an intelligent, highly readable book that is also, frankly, pretty alarming. And it is not dated at all --- it reads as though it was written yesterday. It is well worth reading now and in the foreseeable future.
- Reviewed in the United States on January 14, 2014I originally posted a version of this review on my blog Quicksilber and am posting it here as well as I think the book merits broad notice:
In a small irony, my writing about James Barrat's Our Final Invention has been slowed by a balky Internet connection. In my experience, glitches have become considerably more common as computers have become more powerful and complicated. Perhaps such growing glitchiness suggests artificial general intelligence (AGI) and artificial superintelligence (ASI) are more likely to get seriously out of control someday, though it might also be a hint that AGI and ASI are going to be harder to achieve than expected by either techno-optimists such as Ray Kurzweil or techno-pessimists such as James Barrat.
Barrat's goal in this book is to convince readers that AGI and ASI are likely to occur in the near future (the next couple of decades or so) and, more to the point, likely to be extremely dangerous. In fact, he repeatedly expresses doubt as to whether humanity is going to survive its imminent encounter with a higher intelligence.
I find him more convincing in arguing that ASI would carry significant risks than I do in his take on its feasibility and imminence. Barrat aptly points out that building safeguards into AI is a poorly developed area of research (and something few technologists have seen as a priority); that there are strong incentives in national and corporate competition to develop AI quickly rather than safely; and that much relevant research is weapons-related and distinctly not aimed at ensuring the systems will be harmless to humans.
The book becomes less convincing when it hypes current or prospective advances and downplays the challenges and uncertainties of actually constructing an AGI, let alone an ASI. (Barrat suggests that once you get AGI, it will quickly morph into ASI, which may or may not be true.) For instance, in one passage, after acknowledging that "brute force" techniques have not replicated everything the human brain does, he states:
>>But consider a few of the complex systems today's supercomputers routinely model: weather systems, 3-D nuclear detonations, and molecular dynamics for manufacturing. Does the human brain contain a similar magnitude of complexity, or an order of magnitude higher? According to all indications, it's in the same ballpark.<< Me: To model something and to reproduce it are not the same thing. Simulating weather or nuclear detonations is not equal to creating those real-world phenomena, and similarly a computer containing a detailed model of the brain would not necessarily be thinking like a brain or acting on its thoughts.
A big problem for AI, and one that gets little notice in this book, is that nobody has any idea how to program conscious awareness into a machine. That doesn't mean it can never be done, but it does raise doubts about assertions that it will or must occur as more complex circuits get laid down on chips in coming decades. Barrat often refers to AGIs and ASIs as "self aware" and his concerns center on such systems, having awakened, deciding that they have other objectives than the ones humans have programmed into them. One can imagine unconscious "intelligent" agents causing many problems (through glitches or relentless pursuit of some ill-considered programmed objective) but plotting against humanity seems like a job for an entity that knows that it and humans both exist.
Interestingly, though, Barrat offers the following dark scenario and sliver of hope:
>>I think our Waterloo lies in the foreseeable future, in the AI of tomorrow and the nascent AGI due out in the next decade or two. Our survival, if it is possible, may depend on, among other things, developing AGI with something akin to consciousness and human understanding, even friendliness, built in. That would require, at a minimum, understanding intelligent machines in a fine-grained way, so there'd be no surprises.<< Me: Note that some AI experts, such as Jeff Hawkins, have argued the opposite--that the very lack of human-like desires, such as for power and status, is why AI systems won't turn against their makers. It would be a not-so-small irony if efforts to make AIs more like us make them more dangerous.
Our Final Invention is a thought-provoking and valuable book. Even if its alarmism is overstated, as I suspect and hope, there is no denying that the subject Barrat addresses is one in which there is very little that can be said with confidence, and in which the consequences of being wrong are very high indeed.
Top reviews from other countries
Murat GueneyselReviewed in Germany on November 3, 20235.0 out of 5 stars Eye opening facts about the greatest risk which humankind might experience In future
Very well structured book which makes every page full of information and knowledge, based on the interviews with the greatest experts of the AI.A must read book even if you are not an expert in AI.
Marcus SaundersReviewed in the United Kingdom on October 16, 20235.0 out of 5 stars Great book!
Everyone should read this!!
Amazon CustomerReviewed in India on April 2, 20225.0 out of 5 stars An eye opener for humanity
An eye opener After waiting for almost 1 month for the book I m utterly happy to read it. Just gives a experience how wonderfully James Barratt had presented the senarior where humanity is walking towards. Really thrilling and where humanity is heading towards if we don't think of our next generation for humanity
An eye opener After waiting for almost 1 month for the book I m utterly happy to read it. Just gives a experience how wonderfully James Barratt had presented the senarior where humanity is walking towards. Really thrilling and where humanity is heading towards if we don't think of our next generation for humanity5.0 out of 5 stars An eye opener for humanity
Amazon Customer
Reviewed in India on April 2, 2022
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Victor EvadlaReviewed in Mexico on January 19, 20205.0 out of 5 stars Great book
Very good investigation around all aspects of AI. I am Electronic Engineer with computer sciences degree. I am pretty sure we will get AI this century. I hope we can manage it to improve our lifes as we have been allways done with technology.
Caio DiasReviewed in Brazil on November 7, 20195.0 out of 5 stars Excellent
The author uses very convincing arguments. There is no doubt that we are in front of a very scary scenario.


