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Our Right to Drugs: The Case for a Free Market 2 ndnd Edition
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Editorial Reviews
From Publishers Weekly
Copyright 1992 Reed Business Information, Inc.
From Kirkus Reviews
Review
?Our Right to Drugs is an eloquent and passionate. Our Right to Drugs carries an important message, which should be taken very seriously.?-Federal Bar News & Journal
?Szasz (Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry, State University of New York, Syracuse) holds numerous awards and has written many stimulating books on mental illness. With this book he challenges US society to take a fresh look at its drug problem and the way in which its government is responding to the misuse of drugs by some of its citizens. Szasz describes how the current debate on drugs is based on a collective ignorance of the facts and issues and on inability to learn from history. He then goes on to cover issues such as the rights citizens rejected; liberty versus utopia; drugs as scapegoats; the cult of drug disinformation; the lie of legalization; perils of prohibition; and the burden of choice. Szasz makes a persuasive case for a reevaluation of US drug policy within the context of liberty and human responsibility in a democratic society. This book is well written, the arguments are clear and concise, and the logic effective. Excellent notes section and a very useful bibliography. Must read for anyone seriously interested in drugs and how US society is managing them. All libraries.?-Choice
?Szasz at his abrasive best, skewering the shibboleths of the War On Drugs and giving historical context to the current national hubbub. The prohibition of drugs abrogates our constitutional right to property; Americans have lost the freedom to control their bodies; until 1914, Americans had unrestricted access to drugs of their choice without government control of the market: Thus begins this reasoned and passionate treatise, in which Szasz denounces both the prohibitionists ("the War On Drugs is itself a giant quackery") and the legalizers--"paternalistic prohibitionists" whose agenda, the author says, is to transfer control of drugs to the medical system and to continue prohibiting substances, albeit only certain ones (e.g., tobacco rather than marijuana). After a scathing indictment of Nancy Reagan's "moronic anti-drug slogan" and her encouragement of children who report their drug-using parents to the police, Szasz dissects a cast of antidrug crusaders (Father Bruce Ritter, Betty Ford, Kitty Dukakis, William Bennett) and concludes that drug education is the "name we give to the state-sponsored effort to inflame people's hatred and intolerance of other people's drug habits." Turning to legalization proponents--Lester Grinspoon, Ethan Nadelman, Eric Sterling, William F. Buckley, Jr.--Szasz analyzes their proposals as new prohibition schemes. Why do we fear making drugs freely available? Because people would choose "an easy life of parasitism over a hard life of productivity" and become "drug-crazed" criminals? According to Szasz, economic productivity, crucial for the survival of society, has "nothing to do with drugs but has everything to do with family stability, cultural values, education, and social policies." And, as for crime, it is caused not by drugs but by their prohibition. Places the rhetoric and the players in clear positions on the board, whether or not you agree with the Szasz prescription.?-Kirkus Reviews
?U.S. citizens have a right to personal property: drugs are property, therefore we have a right to obtain and use them when we want them: the U.S., however, has become a therapeutic state that restricts the availability of drugs: furthermore, drug use is labeled a disease and blamed for many crimes and untoward events that would not happen if drugs were freely available . . . He frequently states there is no need to control drugs--but he does not mention the many lives formerly lost to children's remedies laced with opium or to vaccines that, due to manufacturer accident, contained poisons. He maintains athletes should be allowed to use drugs freely to make competition fair. After reading such arguments, you might assume he even favors drug use while piloting a car or airplane; yet three paragraphs before book's end, he allows that these activities should be drug-free. Szasz does make some good points. It's hard, for instance, to argue against this pronouncement: The War on Drugs has had many undesirable consequences, not least among them the mass production of experts on drug abuse.?-Booklist
?While never departing from the moral principles surrounding the issues of drug use, Szasz makes his point in direct, simple, and occasionally astonishing fashion, namely, that every American has the right to possess and use drugs with the same freedom that attaches to any other specie of property.... What is so compelling and provocative about this book is its rational and coldly logical treatment of the issues from within an internally coherent and not unreasonable perspective of the individual and our contemporary society. Thus Our Right to Drugs can and ought to cause us to reconsider our own views about the autonomy, dignity, and moral responsibility of the individual, and the sphere in which the constitutionally empowered and constrained government of the United States may function legitimately.?-Northwestern University Law Review
"Our Right to Drugs is an eloquent and passionate. Our Right to Drugs carries an important message, which should be taken very seriously."-Federal Bar News & Journal
"Szasz (Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry, State University of New York, Syracuse) holds numerous awards and has written many stimulating books on mental illness. With this book he challenges US society to take a fresh look at its drug problem and the way in which its government is responding to the misuse of drugs by some of its citizens. Szasz describes how the current debate on drugs is based on a collective ignorance of the facts and issues and on inability to learn from history. He then goes on to cover issues such as the rights citizens rejected; liberty versus utopia; drugs as scapegoats; the cult of drug disinformation; the lie of legalization; perils of prohibition; and the burden of choice. Szasz makes a persuasive case for a reevaluation of US drug policy within the context of liberty and human responsibility in a democratic society. This book is well written, the arguments are clear and concise, and the logic effective. Excellent notes section and a very useful bibliography. Must read for anyone seriously interested in drugs and how US society is managing them. All libraries."-Choice
"U.S. citizens have a right to personal property: drugs are property, therefore we have a right to obtain and use them when we want them: the U.S., however, has become a therapeutic state that restricts the availability of drugs: furthermore, drug use is labeled a disease and blamed for many crimes and untoward events that would not happen if drugs were freely available . . . He frequently states there is no need to control drugs--but he does not mention the many lives formerly lost to children's remedies laced with opium or to vaccines that, due to manufacturer accident, contained poisons. He maintains athletes should be allowed to use drugs freely to make competition fair. After reading such arguments, you might assume he even favors drug use while piloting a car or airplane; yet three paragraphs before book's end, he allows that these activities should be drug-free. Szasz does make some good points. It's hard, for instance, to argue against this pronouncement: The War on Drugs has had many undesirable consequences, not least among them the mass production of experts on drug abuse."-Booklist
"While never departing from the moral principles surrounding the issues of drug use, Szasz makes his point in direct, simple, and occasionally astonishing fashion, namely, that every American has the right to possess and use drugs with the same freedom that attaches to any other specie of property.... What is so compelling and provocative about this book is its rational and coldly logical treatment of the issues from within an internally coherent and not unreasonable perspective of the individual and our contemporary society. Thus Our Right to Drugs can and ought to cause us to reconsider our own views about the autonomy, dignity, and moral responsibility of the individual, and the sphere in which the constitutionally empowered and constrained government of the United States may function legitimately."-Northwestern University Law Review
From the Back Cover
About the Author
THOMAS SZASZ is Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry, State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse. Dr. Szasz not only holds numerous awards but has been honored by the establishment of an award in his name for outstanding contributions to the cause of civil liberties. Generally acknowledged as having had a greater influence on contemporary thinking about psychiatry and mental illness than anyone in the field, he is the author of the classic, The Myth of Mental Illness, and more recently, The Untamed Tongue, A Dissenting Dictionary.
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Product details
- Publisher : Praeger; 2nd edition (April 30, 1992)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 232 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0275942163
- ISBN-13 : 978-0275942168
- Lexile measure : 1480L
- Item Weight : 1.1 pounds
- Dimensions : 6 x 0.63 x 9 inches
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## History of Drugs
Szasz wonders:
> “Why has the use of ancient drugs become a matter of special social and political concern only in the twentieth century, and why especially in the United States?”[^1]
Szasz points out, that for most of human history people have put plants (drugs) such as opium poppies, coca leaves, coffee, tea, tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana into their body because they felt better when they took it. Drugs improved endurance, reduced pain, and induced unusual religious experiences. The primary use of drugs (plants) throughout history was not primarily for health reasons. Szasz maintains that people should have a right to put things in their body that makes them feel better - as defined by the user - regardless of the whether it makes them healthier. The right to ingest drugs is as fundamental as eating and drinking says, Szasz.
Szasz gives many examples of famous people who used drugs throughout the ages. Thomas Jefferson used opium to ease his pain towards the end of his life. Freud said that without smoking, life was not worth living and used cocaine to overcome depression. One of the founders of Johns Hopkins Hospital was a surgeon who used morphine daily in high doses. President John F. Kennedy had his doctor injected him and his wife regular doses of amphetamines. And the list goes on.
## Therapeutic State
Szasz points out that medicine has become the religion of our day. The Founding Fathers sought to prohibit religious authorities from involuntarily ruling other people’s lives, but they did not anticipate that medicine would become the religion of modern America. Because medicine and health have become the de facto state religion; the state tries to regulate a person’s body in the same way religious authorities try to regulate a person's soul.
Szasz is fond of quoting Adolfo Body Casares to exemplify this point:
> Well then, maybe it would be worth mentioning the three periods of history. When man believed that happiness was dependent on God, he killed for religious reasons. When he believed that happiness was dependent upon the form of government, he killed for political reasons…
> After dreams that were too long, true nightmares… we arrived at the present period of history. Man woke up, discovered that which he always knew, that happiness is dependent upon health, and began to kill for therapeutic reasons…
> When no one believed any longer in the politicians, it was medicine, with its amazing discoveries, that captured the imagination of the human race. It is medicine that has come to replace both religion and politics in our time. [^2]
Doctors have created what Szasz calls, *monomedicine*; a type of medicine controlled by a pharmacratic state. Prior to 1914, a person could purchase any substance they wanted. Since doctors lobbied for mandated prescription laws, doctors and the state became unified. A doctor can no longer recommend whatever substance they feel is most beneficial, they can only use chemicals authorized by state authorities. Because medicine is under state control, only one type of medicine allowed must be approved by the state; hence the term *monomedicine* under control of a pharmacracy. MD’s have become our high priests, while other types of medicine are scoffed at as quackery.
## Responsibility
Szasz says the problem with drugs prohibition is not just with so-called illegal drugs. It is a problem with all drugs, including those that require a prescription. Requiring a prescription means mandating that competent adults must get a *permission slip* before putting substances in their body. He favors *prescriptions* in the true sense of the word - a recommendation by a professional. Those who do not know how to use drugs, and do not care to educate themselves would continue to go to a doctor to get a recommendation.
The reason that most people cannot accept drug use in our society is that it requires reliance on personal responsibility, which makes many people uneasy. But, Szasz points out that there are many things in life that require personal responsibility. Chainsaws, cars, electricity, fire, swimming pools, unhealthy food, the list is endless. When someone is in injured by a chainsaw, we do not speak of chainsaw-abuse.
## Scapegoat
Szasz says the persecution of drug users provides society with, “bread and circuses”, and a useful scapegoat for both societal and personal problems. The term self-medication has become synonymous with “drug abuse” and “chemical dependency”. Szasz finds the use of such double-speak illuminating. He points back to a time in history when masturbation was considered “self-abuse” and considered a disease which caused insanity. So too, equivocating “self-medication” with “drug-abuse” is one of the latest misuses of language in an attempt to control others. It is an attempt to prevent individuals from asserting control over themselves and their bodies. For a therapeutic pharmacratic state, this is tantamount to heresy.
## Further Reading and Listening
Fitting with the title, most of Szasz’s arguments in, *Our Right to Drugs*, are aimed at a rights-based approach to a free market in drugs. For a more in-depth anthropological psycho-history of drugs, I recommend Szasz’s other work, Ceremonial Chemistry Ceremonial Chemistry: The Ritual Persecution of Drugs, Addicts, and Pushers, Revised Edition . Where, *Our Right to Drugs*, makes the case for a free market, *Ceremonial Chemistry*, attempts to explain the modern abhorrence with drugs by looking at the use of scapegoats throughout history.
[^1]: Our Right to Drugs: The Case for a Free Market. Pg. 60.
[^2]: Adolfo Bioy Casares, ‘Plan for an Escape to Carmelo’, *New York Review of Books, April 10, 1986, p. 7.
No American concerned with the demise of constitutional American liberty that began in earnest in 1912 should be without a copy of OUR RIGHT TO DRUGS and AMERICA'S FORSAKEN PROMISE. Getting the pursuit of the idea we call America back on course must begin with an across the board repeal of de facto Drug Prohibition. Crush that abomination and the precedent will cause other unlawful powers to fall like a row of dominoes.
Tinsley Grey Sammons (1936 --)
Gonzales Louisiana
bastlaw@yahoo.com
He constantly claims that specious conclusions are "obvious" and assumes things to be true which are not true (or at least have not been argued persuasively as truth).
It is written with all the authority and lack of concrete support of a religious treatise; Szasz assures us that he is right because he says he is right, and, SURELY, no one can argue with that.
Szasz states in the Preface to this 1992 book, "everything that I say in this book is premised on my contention that in today's American society there are two kinds of diseases and two kinds of treatments. The first kind of disease, exemplified by AIDS, is discovered by doctors; the second kind, exemplified by drug abuse, is mandated by legislators and decreed by judges."
Here are some representative quotations from the book:
"Courts now routinely order persons who use illegal drugs to attend drug treatment programs, from which mental health experts conclude that there is a huge demand for drug treatment services in our country."
"(N)o one is, or can be, killed by an illegal drug. If a person dies as a result of using a drug, it is because he CHOSE to do something risky."
"(T)here was no question, during Prohibition, of randomly testing people to determine if there was any ethanol in their system, or of searching their homes for alcohol, or of imprisoning them for possessing alcohol, or of involuntarily treating them for the disease of unsanctioned alcohol use."
"My point is simply that neither participating in the drug trade nor using drugs (legal or illegal) need be interpreted as constituting vice, crime, or disease."
"(W)e supinely accept agents of the therapeutic state monitoring our drug-using behavior, refusing to recognize that it is simply a pretext for the government's meddling in our lives."
"The gun lobby has long warned, 'When guns are outlawed, only outlaws will have guns.' We have outlawed narcotics, and now only outlaws have narcotics."
"The effect of a drug on behavior, like the effect of religion on it, may be for good or ill. Some of the greatest works of art in the world were created by men intoxicated with drugs, religion, or both."
