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A Plague of Prisons: The Epidemiology of Mass Incarceration in America Hardcover – Illustrated, August 30, 2011
Drucker, an internationally recognized public health scholar and Soros Justice Fellow, spent twenty years treating drug addiction and another twenty studying AIDS in some of the poorest neighborhoods of the South Bronx and worldwide. He
compares mass incarceration to other, well-recognized epidemics using basic public health concepts: “prevalence and incidence,” “outbreaks,” “contagion,” “transmission,” and “potential years of life lost.”
He argues that imprisonment―originally conceived as a response to individuals' crimes―has become mass incarceration: a destabilizing force that undermines the families and communities it targets, damaging the very social structures that prevent crime.
Sure to provoke debate, this book shifts the paradigm of how we think about punishment by demonstrating that our unprecedented rates of incarceration have the contagious and self-perpetuating features of the plagues of previous centuries.
- Print length240 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherThe New Press
- Publication dateAugust 30, 2011
- Dimensions6 x 1 x 8.5 inches
- ISBN-101595584978
- ISBN-13978-1595584977
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Editorial Reviews
Review
―Todd Clear, Dean of the Rutgers University School of Criminal Justice
A towering achievement, A Plague of Prisons does something rare and valuable: it provides a new way of looking at, thinking about, and analyzing old and familiar data, thereby creating fresh insights into and understanding of a social catastrophe.
―Ira Glasser, Former Executive Director, American Civil Liberties Union
Drucker brings the tools of epidemiology, the informed perspective of a social critic, and the graceful language of a natural writer to illuminate the plague of incarceration that is crippling poor and primarily minority urban communities, and to make a clear, cogent call for reform.
―Jamie Fellner, Senior Advisor, U.S. Program, Human Rights Watch
A seminal book by a truly gifted scholar. Read and weep and then pass along this important work to everyone who has a stake in reforming the contemporary U.S. criminal justice system―which is to say, all of us.
―Stephen Flynn, Ph.D., President, Center for National Policy
A careful, colorful, and much needed examination of the causes and consequences of the epidemic of incarceration in the United States with enormous relevance for anyone concerned about public health, criminal justice, and public policy.
―Jim Curran, Dean, Rollins School of Public Health and Co-Director, Emory Center for AIDS Research
Ernie Drucker has long been a leader in new ways of thinking about issues of crime and drugs. He's helped us to imagine a true public health approach to these problems.
―Marc Mauer, Executive Director of The Sentencing Project and author of Race to Incarcerate
About the Author
Product details
- Publisher : The New Press; Illustrated edition (August 30, 2011)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 240 pages
- ISBN-10 : 1595584978
- ISBN-13 : 978-1595584977
- Item Weight : 13.9 ounces
- Dimensions : 6 x 1 x 8.5 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #3,012,194 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #1,386 in Epidemiology (Books)
- #8,702 in Criminal Law (Books)
- #10,740 in Criminology (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
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About the author

Ernest Drucker is a scholar in residence and senior research associate at John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York. He is professor emeritus of family and social medicine at Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine and adjunct professor of epidemiology at Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health. He is an NIH-funded researcher, editor-in-chief of the international Harm Reduction Journal, a Fulbright Senior Specialist in Global Health, and a Soros Justice Fellow. He is also a founder and former chairman of Doctors of the World/USA. He lives in New York City.
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Just like one of the greatest movies, in the first few chapters, Drucker used the historical events to illustrate the scientific way to track sources of diseases and mapping the places and the best way to eliminate the spread of such ..... of the sinking Titanic, the outbreak of the cholera in London and how the outbreaks and public health responses, and on (human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome) illustrate basic epidemiological method--mapping outbreaks, tracing vectors, identifying the demography of the afflicted--in the interest of preventing disease transmission.
Later in the book, Drucker illustrated the specific health costs of incarceration in the wake of New York's highly punitive Rockefeller drug laws in 1973. Using empirical data to prove his argument, he used the public health concepts of "years of life lost" and "disability-adjusted life years," measurements that epidemiologists use to quantify the relative magnitude of disasters. He showed that blacks and minorities who live in poor neighborhoods have developed chronic diseases which means, he argues, the drug laws are public health threat. Simply put, he concluded that year of life lost to drug laws are "three times greater than those lost in the September 11, 2001, World Trade Center attacks."
Finally, Drucker identified that there are solutions to such disaster, giving the example of how the International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War helped convert public view of nuclear weapons to a global threat. A Plague of Prisons' is a joint venture that conveys an important message that scientists, scholars and civil rights advocates must work together to show the total impact of mass incarceration in our society.
While reading "Plague of Prisons" I was constantly reminded of a chapter in a far right-wing book, "Life at the Bottom" by Theodore Dalrymple. The chapter was called "The Knife Went In". In this chapter Dalrymple blames liberal academics for the failure of criminals to recognize their role in the commission of the crimes they commit. The criminal, instead of saying that he stabbed someone, would say "the knife went in", as if the fact that his hand was tenaciously wrapped around the weapon at the time is completely inconsequential. I did not believe that Dalrymple was being fair when I read his book, but Earnest Drucker seems to be making his case.
I am aware that Drucker wrote this book employing the science of epidemiology, but to refer to prisoners or convicts as "those who have been exposed to the criminal justice system" is too much. In addition, the presence of a statistically significant relationship IS NOT proof of causality. One example of fallible statistical analysis is Drucker's mention of a statistical study of infant mortality rates of parents who have been incarcerated. He mentions that the study was controlling for other factors yet smoking, alcohol consumption, drug use, and obesity were NOT among the factors listed.
There are too many contributing factors and moral issues involved in the debate over crime and punishment for epidemiology to be an effective method of analysis. In the book, Drucker describes the history of epidemiology, and explains that epidemiology was the primary science used to study disease until science advanced the field of pathology enough for man to see and study the micro-organisms responsible for causing disease. I would submit that a pathological approach to the "plague of prisons" would have been more appropriate in this day and age.
I was going to give this book two stars (for a very brief time I was even considering three) because some of the underlying points are valid. That was until I read "In Defense of Flogging" by Peter Moskos (Don't let the title throw you off, it is a thought provoking yet entertaining read). Drucker takes 189 tedious pages to make the same points that Moskos makes in 30. There is no point in giving this book additional stars for truth completely overshadowed by the irksome literary tactics of liberal academia. Especially when there is another excellent, entertaining, and down-to-earth book which says the exact same thing. I am a moderate leaning conservative, but I'm certain that anyone that is not politically aligned with the far-left will find this book extremely off-putting. After all, the people who need to be persuaded to abolish mandatory minimum sentences tend to be on the right side of the political spectrum.
But the rhetoric of punishment rings hollow. Something more is going on. We send so many folks to prison, and often for such trifling reasons. Things have reached a point in which it makes sense to speak of mass incarceration. Is this best thought of as an epidemic?
Ernest Drucker thinks so. He brings the skills of an epidemiologist to bear on why, with five percent of the world's population, the United States incarcerates 25 percent of the world's prisoners. His answer is simple: the war on drugs accounts for the explosive growth during the past forty years of the prison population.
The statistics are familiar enough. Young black men, young Hispanic men, face a far greater chance of landing in prison than to their white counterparts, and usually for drug offenses. We build prisons at an astonishing rate. Some 2.5 million Americans are currently behind bars. Millions more are on probation.
Drucker's brief work supports from a novel perspective the need for reform of drug laws. We need treatment, not prison; legalization, not the creation of an incarcerated nation.
This is a well-written and even entertaining book about a depressing subject. I was dubious about whether Drucker could pull the analysis off. He did, but, I suspect, I was an easy cell. Mass incarceration is a national disaster.






