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The Powers That Be: Theology for a New Millennium Paperback – April 1, 1999
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The Powers That Be reclaims the divine realm as central to human existence by offering new ways of understanding our world in theological terms. Walter Wink reformulates ancient concepts, such as God and the devil, heaven and hell, angels and demons, principalities and powers, in light of our modern experience. He helps us see heaven and hell, sin and salvation, and the powers that shape our lives as tangible parts of our day-to-day experience, rather than as mysterious phantoms. Based on his reading of the Bible and analysis of the world around him, Wink creates a whole new language for talking about and to God. Equipped with this fresh world view, we can embark on a new relationship with God and our world into the next millennium.
About the Author
- Print length224 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherHarmony
- Publication dateApril 1, 1999
- Dimensions5.48 x 0.52 x 8.23 inches
- ISBN-109780385487528
- ISBN-13978-0385487528
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- ASIN : 0385487525
- Publisher : Harmony (April 1, 1999)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 224 pages
- ISBN-10 : 9780385487528
- ISBN-13 : 978-0385487528
- Item Weight : 7.8 ounces
- Dimensions : 5.48 x 0.52 x 8.23 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #65,975 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #79 in Christian Angelology & Demonology
- #859 in Christian Inspirational
- #1,791 in Personal Transformation Self-Help
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If your a business person, this book is for you.
If you work with the poor or care for justice, this book is for you.
If you are an educator/trainer, this book is for you.
If you are a pioneer, a leader, a parent or in government, this book is for you.
Walter Wink has been on my radar screen for many years but in reading recently from N.T Wright, Greg Boyd and Rob Bell
and their references to Walter Wink, I had to buy this and get started on his books.
In 1993, Engaging the Powers and the Powers trilogy won several awards. The Powers that Be are a shortened version,
particularly of Engaging the Powers and I was not disappointed.
It was so rich that I had to stop on several occasions, pray, re-read and pray again. This
happened throughout the reading of The Powers that Be. I also needed to keep my dictionary close at hand.
This is a book that covers a lot of ground related to :
worldview,
the Powers and their domination system and
how history belongs to the intercessors and prayer warriors.
Powers also tackles the hard words of Jesus and what he was meaning in the coming of the Kingdom of God
which made so much sense. He underlines that evil is not just personal but structural and spiritual and on page 31,
states that "Any attempt to transform a social system without addressing both its spirituality and its outer forms
is doomed to failure. "
He looks at Jesus' words in the context of the first century and their meaning then. Somehow we can read the Bible and translate
it into our modern day context. Jesus' words were so radical for the day, we would miss the equivalent today because we would not go radical enough. In Jesus' answer to domination, he identifies domination, equity, non-violence, women, purity and holiness, family, law and sacrifice and it is worth the whole book. You will be deeply challenged but you will understand why Jesus' words seemed so strong, even at times questionable. You will have some 'aha' moments and then serious reflection as to what does this mean for me right now, when you read this book.
He spends quite a bit of time on the major idol today and calls it, "the myth of redemptive violence" and how we can break the spiral of violence. Jesus offers a radical third way and you will be amazed and deeply challenged to action at what he says. How do we stand up against the powers that continue to oppress? How do we see God's kingdom coming now on earth as it is in heaven. This is not for the faint-hearted or those who are passive, this is for the courageous and he is calling this generation for action and to engage The Powers That Be.
I will close with a few of Wink's comments on prayer on page 196-197 " Prayer in the face of the Powers is a spiritual war of attrition. When we fail to pray, God's hands are effectively tied. That underlines the urgency of our praying. Prayer that ignores the Powers ends by blaming God for evils committed by the Powers. But prayer that acknowledges the Powers becomes an indispensable aspect of social action....we are emboldened to ask God for something bigger. The same faith that looks clear-eyed at the immensity of the forces arrayed against God is the faith that affirms God's miracle-working power. Trust in miracles is, in fact, the only rational stance in a world...."
Read this book and get more engaged in seeing God's kingdom coming where you live and work.
Perhaps his greatest contribution in this book is to the concept of Christian, non-violent action. Many of the more popular speakers and authors (like Claiborne, Bell, and others) seem to draw a great deal from what he writes. Wether you agree with his conclusions or not, I believe his is an important piece in the developing scene of popular theology today.
Wink argues that humans live under "domination systems"--the "powers and principalities that be." These are the structural and ideological institutions that manipulate our minds, lives, and activities, reduce our freedom, and retard our flourishing. As Christians, we're called to resist them without buying into the "myth of redemptive violence"--the centuries' old chestnut that violence is the only kind of force that works, and that because it works it justifies itself. Jesus showed an alternative way--the path of nonviolent resistance.
In examining nonviolent resistance, Wink is masterful. He persuasively destroys the stereotype of nonviolence as a turn-the-other-cheek passivity by exploring what Jesus really meant when he advocated cheek-turning or walking the second mile. Along the way, he offers one of the most insightful analysis of the post-Jesus "just war doctrine" I've ever read. Wink is realistic enough to not completely reject the doctrine. But he does suggest that we quit using it as a justification for war and begin thinking of it instead in terms of "violence-reduction criteria."
An amazing book that every Christian ought to read and meditate on, particularly now that the dogs of war are baying loudly. I give it ten stars.
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The primary message is that Jesus preached and lived a nonviolent gospel. But this leads to the recognition that (other than in the first few centuries) the Church has mostly embraced militarism.
Wink reviews the roots of Just War thinking and finds them wanting (no war can really be said to fulfill the criteria) but he also considers Pacifism and concludes that too often Pacifists have taken a weak, passive approach far removed from the active response Jesus counseled.
Drawing on the practical out workings of a non violent approach adopted by King and Gandhi, Wink sets out how Jesus rejected Violence but advocated active resistance to evil. And he also sets out how the Christian command to love enemies is incompatible with lethal force.
Wink is a realist and addresses the suspicion that the advocates of non-violence are cowards. He quotes Gandhi who demanded that his recruits to the non-violent struggle should be at least as brave as the soldiers who were willing to fight and die; rejecting violence is not necessarily a way to personal safety.
But in non-violent struggle there is hope, as enemies can be changed and a new order built on firm foundations, in stark contrast to violent revolution, which generally deposes one tyrant who is then replaced by another.
And of course this is not mere theory- a review of history shows how non violent struggle has achieved phenomenal success in such places as S Africa, the US and Eastern Europe.
The question remains as to why the mainline Churches seem to have rejected the way of Jesus. It seems that this is partly due to a lack of trust in God, but also partly due to translators and interpreters of the bible being over influenced by their powerful patrons, anxious to preserve the status quo.
In summary, for Christians, War is not an option - but neither is colluding with evil.
Nevertheless. Wink's unfashionable exploration of 'Principalities and Powers' leads him to see a spiritual element to every institution. He sees these elements as created, fallen, capable of redemption, and destined to become complete and fulfilled at the eschaton. He doesn't successfully relate these unearthly 'Powers' to the earthly demons that Jesus seemingly encountered in his ministry and never seeked to redeem. So between earthly and irredeemable 'demons' and unearthly and redeemable 'powers' there's a gap that, like the gap between relativity and quantum theory, may mean successful partial descriptions but no overall coherent system of thought.
His strategy for us to oppose and even disarm 'The Powers that Be' is non-violence; this being the opposite of the violence-backed domination system by which the Powers control humans. His reading of Jesus as a kind of apostle of non-violence and of bottom-up submission and subversion is striking and powerful. It seems to offer a route to real change in a society, rather than a change from one lawless autocrat to another. This is fine stuff. I loved his quote from Gandhi that the aim of non-violence was not mere victory but a redemptive relationship with the victimizer. (That isn't quite the way Gandhi said it but it will do.)
Then, one hesitates to criticize a former theology professor, but I thought his reading of Paul could be improved on. I read Wink as looking down on Paul from his twentieth-century eyrie and chucking out the bits (quite a lot of really central bits) that he didn't like. Surely we can do better than this. Paul lived in the tension between between the astonishing liberty of the gospel (neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, that stuff) and the willingness of love to suffer and put up with stuff. Paul wanted the gospel to be the foundation of society, respectable, not some loopy Greek mystery religion, so its radicalness and its love of decency and order coexisted in his head and in his practice.
This was better than any number of theology books that tell you mostly what you already know. It set me a-buzzing. It shows how we might change the world. Highly recommended.









