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Problems With Atonement: The Origins of, and Controversy about, the Atonement Doctrine Paperback – October 1, 2005

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  • Problems With Atonement: The Origins of, and Controversy about, the Atonement Doctrine
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Product Details

  • Paperback: 152 pages
  • Publisher: Michael Glazier (October 1, 2005)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0814652204
  • ISBN-13: 978-0814652206
  • Product Dimensions: 6.1 x 0.3 x 9 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 7.2 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 4.9 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (7 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #624,318 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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Format: Paperback Verified Purchase
Stephen Finlan is adjunct professor of theology. With this book (2005) he wants to show that there are many problems with the doctrines of atonement in Western Christianity. Although he interacts with scholarly works written in English or German, the books remains quite accessible to a broad readership.

The first chapter (« sacrifice and scapegoat », p. 11-38) presents the different kind of cultic rituals, which can be found in many religions and in particular in the ancient Palestinian religion mentioned in various fragments of the Old Testament (OT): sacrifice as a gift to a god, as cleansing a believer from an impurity or a sin, as cleansing a holy place. Finlan distinguishes six levels of « spiritualisation » that is of religious reinterpretation and abstraction of sacrifice (although he gives OT, Greek or Hellenistic examples, these distinctions may remain a bit too abstract...). He explains the difference between typology and allegory. He finally deals with the expulsion / scapegoat rituals, showing the contrast with sacrifice (which involves a manipulative relation with gods) whereas scapegoat rituals are entirely magic in the sense that a bad thing (sin, curse, disease) is transmitted to a pure animal which takes it over and is expulsed to a wilderness demon. As in other parts of the book, Finlan mentions in footnotes all relevant scholarly work. He succeeds in remaining short because he masters the subject. This short part of the book may be a reason to buy it for anyone interested in the OT, especially given that the equivalent part in his newer book, Options on Atonement in Christian Thought, 2007, is only 10 p long.
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Format: Paperback
*****
"Few other doctrines go to the heart of the Christian faith like the Atonement. Congregations sing at the top of their lungs: 'My sin, not in part but the whole, has been nailed to the cross, so I bear it no more, praise the Lord, praise the Lord, O my soul' ! ..... The priestly work of Christ separates Christianity from Judaism and Islam." -- Dr. Mark Dever, pastor Baptist Church, DC
*

A Short History of Atonement:
Atonement in Orthodoxy, is all about sanctification and transfiguration, humanity becomes 'divine' by participating' in God. In Alexandrine Orthodoxy, where the Epistle to the Hebrews, played a central theological theme, the intercessory character of our Lord (high-priestly office) is transferred to the heavenly condition and work of Christ, where the relation of Christ's work to man's condition is still continued in the heavenly place. The atonement of Christ, initiated our participation in eternal life, by making the Father known to us, John 17:3. In progressive transformation, our unity with the Father was based on John 17:11 "... may we become united in You and You in us. "Thus Your saying will be fulfilled, That they all may be one with Us." The Coptic Liturgy of Saint Cyril.

Western Christianity Atoning :
In Late antiquity Roman Catholicity the main atonement models in use as an emerging novel concept were conceived as Christ's work, presented to God as an oblation. While Ransom was universally dominant over this period, with Christ as teacher being taken for granted, and Christ-as-gift popping up occasionally. Anselm, challenging Christus Victor/Ransom-from-Satan drew up a theological version of the Satisfaction thesis (Christ the gift) to replace it.
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This book started out really heavy, like a college textbook, but then I got into the author's style of writing and couldn't put it down. Other reviewers have written in great detail, which I appreciate, because that helps me decide which books to purchase. I want to quote the passage that summed up the book for me, and which for me is the crux of why I can no longer believe in the traditional atonement. The author writes on page 97, "The problem is not what all this says about Jesus, but what it says about God: if God wants to save, why is intercession necessary? Why should Jesus' pleading for humanity only be effective after he had been murdered? Why could not this intercession be effective without Jesus being tortured and killed? It does us no good to perceive Jesus as heroic, if we are forced to view God as sadistic. This nightmarish scenario haunts Christian theology, even when Herculean efforts are made to deny it and to salvage the loving kindness of God in the face of God's (alleged() need for a victim." In the following paragraph, Finlan writes, "If the innocent Son HAD to be murdered before the doors of salvation could be opened, this calls God's free will, justice AND sanity into question...." (Caps where the author italicized.)

The last chapter about rationalizing the atonement and the relative popularity of a suffering God left me cold, and only for that reason I didn't rate it 5 stars. For me at least, it is so much easier to believe that Jesus was killed because the Romans claimed he was a seditionist and the Jewish High Priests, etc. thought him way too revolutionary. So OK, Jesus didn't die for my sins.

Next I'll tackle the Incarnation and the Resurrection.... I guess I am looking for the historical Jesus, a man of peace and wisdom who is worthy of being loved and followed without all the extraneous elements of magic...
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