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The Revolutionary: Samuel Adams Kindle Edition

4.3 4.3 out of 5 stars 2,209 ratings

This "glorious" revelatory biography from a Pulitzer Prize winner is about the most essential Founding Father (Ron Chernow)—the one who stood behind the change in thinking that produced the American Revolution.

Thomas Jefferson asserted that if there was any leader of the Revolution, “Samuel Adams was the man.” With high-minded ideals and bare-knuckle tactics, Adams led what could be called the greatest campaign of civil resistance in American history.   Stacy Schiff returns Adams to his seat of glory, introducing us to the shrewd and eloquent man who supplied the moral backbone of the American Revolution. A singular figure at a singular moment, Adams amplified the Boston Massacre. He helped to mastermind the Boston Tea Party. He employed every tool available to rally a town, a colony, and eventually a band of colonies behind him, creating the cause that created a country. For his efforts he became the most wanted man in America: When Paul Revere rode to Lexington in 1775, it was to warn Samuel Adams that he was about to be arrested for treason. In The Revolutionary: Samuel Adams, Schiff brings her masterful skills to Adams’s improbable life, illuminating his transformation from aimless son of a well-off family to tireless, beguiling radical who mobilized the colonies. Arresting, original, and deliriously dramatic, this is a long-overdue chapter in the history of our nation.

ONE OF WALL STREET JOURNAL'S 10 BEST BOOKS OF 2022 ONE OF LOS ANGELES TIMES TOP 5 NONFICTION BOOKS OF 2022 ONE OF THE NEW YORK TIMES MOST NOTABLE BOOKS OF 2022 ONE OF BARACK OBAMA'S FAVORITE BOOKS OF 2022 And named one of the BEST BOOKS OF 2022 by The New Yorker, TIME, Oprah Daily, USA Today, New York Magazine, Air Mail, Boston Globe, and more!

"A glorious book that is as entertaining as it is vitally important.” —Ron Chernow  

"A beautifully crafted, invaluable biography…Schiff ingeniously connects the past to our present and future, underscoring the lessons of Adams while reclaiming our nation’s self-evident truths at a moment when we seemed to have forgotten them." —Oprah Daily

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From the Publisher

Praise for The Revolutionary by Stacy Schiff
Praise quote from Ron Chernow
Praise from The Wall Street Journal
Cleopatra, Caesar, Marc Antony, biography of Cleopatra Witches, Salem, Witch Trials Samuel Adams
Cleopatra The Witches The Revolutionary: Samuel Adams
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“Will become a classic.”—Simon Winchester “Brilliant from start to finish. “—David McCullough "Wildly entertaining"―Adam Gopnik, The New Yorker

Editorial Reviews

Review

"With incomparable wit, grace, and insight, Stacy Schiff narrates the birth of the American Revolution in Boston and the artful, elusive magician who made it all happen: Samuel Adams. For too long, Adams, hiding behind his many masks and stratagems, has evaded historians, but Schiff draws him from the shadows into the spotlight he so richly deserves. A glorious book that is as entertaining as it is vitally important. This is a time for Americans to meditate on the fate of their republic and no better place to start than here, at the beginning, with this book."―Ron Chernow

"A beautifully crafted, invaluable biography. . .Schiff ingeniously connects the past to our present and future, underscoring the lessons of Adams while reclaiming our nation’s self-evident truths at a moment when we seemed to have forgotten them."―
Oprah Daily, "Favorite Books of 2022"

"A superb new biography of Samuel Adams...Adams was...a patriot — maybe the most crucial patriot.
The Revolutionary is not merely a dutiful exhumation of a poorly remembered Founding Father, it's a thrilling, timely account of how the American Revolution happened; how the colonists were radicalized and came to think of themselves not as Bostonians or Virginians, but as "Americans." The Revolutionary is informed on every page by scholarship, but Schiff, as Adams himself did, knows how to hold an audience.”―Maureen Corrigan, NPR

"Stacy Schiff continues to showcase her command of the genre, thoroughly researching her books and breathing new life into history. In
The Revolutionary: Samuel Adams, Schiff re-introduces readers to the founding father. Adams is considered to be historically overlooked, and Schiff reveals that that may have been intentional: the statesman and political philosopher destroyed countless documents and most of his personal correspondence. This book, at times brimming with drama, carefully sifts through the remaining materials to build a robust portrait of an important patriot."―Laura Zornosa, TIME ("100 Must-Read Books of 2022")

"[With] exquisite, fact-based prose…
 Stacy Schiff has produced a delightfully enthralling and insightful account of an elusive Founding Father. A tour de force.”―Mark G. Spencer, The Wall Street Journal

"Schiff...is a master biographer....These pages contain great drama and constant motion...To read this book is to immerse oneself in a very particular and thrilling time and place. Boston in the years leading up to 1776 was a wild and often dangerous city, with violent protests and brawls and raucous meetings of the people. This is how a democracy was born, a government by and for the people, at least in theory. With Adams as her fulcrum, Schiff vividly returns us to the streets and halls where it all began.” (4 Stars)―
Chris Vognar, USA Today

"Riveting, suspenseful, and even laugh-out-loud reading, as Adams outflanks the British at every turn. . . A vivid and evocative writer, Schiff excels in her portrayal of Boston in its agony and anger. . . Superb.”―
Mary Ann Gwinn, Minneapolis Star Tribune

“Beer drinkers know founding father Sam Adams as a brewer and a patriot; Pulitzer winner Schiff emphasizes a man of action who “muscled words into deeds” in the cause of American independence. Retracing Adams’s early years in Boston and his political awakening, Schiff vividly recounts major events in the lead-up to the Revolutionary War, making for a fast-paced and enlightening account.”―
Publishers Weekly, Gift Guide

"An enthralling portrait…any book from the Pulitzer Prize-winning Schiff is reason for excitement. Her previous subjects have established her as one of the most talented and creative biographers at work today. Readers interested in the American Revolution or the ability of individuals to destabilize political institutions will find her new book rewarding...[and] will likely find themselves agreeing with John Adams, who said, 'Without the character of Samuel Adams the true history of the American Revolution can never be written.'"―
Amy S. Greenberg, New York Times Book Review

"A wildly entertaining exploration of the roots of American political theatre."―
Adam Gopnik, The New Yorker

"Stacy Schiff has mastered the art of writing thoroughly researched, often captivating biographies, breathing new life into history. (She won the Pulitzer Prize in biography in 2000 for her biography of Vera Nabokov.) For her latest act, Schiff re-introduces readers to Samuel Adams, considered to be one of the more historically overlooked of the founding fathers. And that, in fact, may have been intentional: Adams destroyed most of his personal correspondence and countless documents, preferring to move inconspicuously. This biography, at times brimming with drama, carefully sifts through the limited remaining materials available to build a hearty portrait of a founding father.”―
Lily Rothman, TIME

"This enthralling biography is a persuasive exercise in rehabilitation. Through stylish prose and a close reading of Adams’s career as a canny propagandist, Schiff suggests that he may have done more than any other founder to prime colonists for armed rebellion and deserves to be better known."―
Gregory Cowles, New York Times, Editors' Choice

"Schiff traces these political cuts and thrusts with her customary skill and amazing readability; this is by far the most grippingly involving life of Samuel Adams ever written, charting the rise and flourishing of a key figure in the Revolution... All of those facets of the man are beautifully captured in
The Revolutionary."―Steve Donoghue, Christian Science Monitor

"Step aside, Thomas Jefferson; let’s talk about the man whose devotion to resistance behavior makes him, for some, the most essential figure in the American Revolution. Samuel Adams comes to electrifying life through this Pulitzer Prize-winning historian’s meticulous research and dynamic storytelling as a man of principle and persuasion. There was also Adams’ devotion to stealth and secrecy, which may be why it’s taken so long to tease out his unusual story."
 ―
Bethanne Patrick, Los Angeles Times

"Schiff masterfully chronicles the myriad twists and turns of Adams’s life…[and] understands how to translate even the most knotty history into quick-paced narrative.  There is something about Samuel Adams that seems especially compelling today....We forget him and his ideas, it seems to me, at our peril."―
Kate Tuttle, The Boston Globe

"It’s hard to put down without a newfound appreciation for just how important [Adams’] role was for the nation’s birth.”―
Andrew DeMillo, Associated Press

“Stacy Schiff is one of our finest biographers, able to explore and illuminate lives as diverse as those of Cleopatra and Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. Samuel Adams, is an exhilarating read, bringing to life a man often overshadowed by other Founding Fathers.”―
Jim Kelly, Air Mail

"A bold new telling of the forgotten Founder."―
Smithsonian Magazine

“Schiff’s new biography is a good place to start to get one’s bearings on this fascinating Founding Father.”―
Republican American

“The inimitable Stacy Schiff, author of utterly captivating books…returns with a biography of one of the most pivotal and oddly neglected of all the U.S. Founding Fathers: Samuel Adams, cousin to the more famous politician (and second president) John. Schiff’s book finds the real man behind the Revolutionary mythos.”―
Christian Science Monitor

“A new book from Pulitzer Prize–winning, powerhouse historian Schiff is always an event.”―
Booklist

"In her terrific new biography, Pulitzer Prize-winning historian Stacy Schiff presents readers with a vivid sense of this complicated man. Electrifying. . . Schiff writes with keen insight and wit throughout. By the end of The Revolutionary, attentive readers will vibrate with questions about the parallels between Adams’ political era and our own."―
BookPage (starred review)

"Revelatory and frequently riveting...Throughout, Schiff vividly recounts major events in the lead-up to the Revolutionary War, including the Stamp Act Crisis, the Boston Massacre, and the Boston Tea Party, and draws incisive sketches of Loyalist governor Thomas Hutchinson, Patriot lawyer James Otis, and others. Fast-paced and enlightening, this is a must-read for colonial history buffs."―
Publishers Weekly (starred, boxed review)

"Schiff is one of the most formidable nonfiction writers working today.”―
BookRiot

"This is a meticulously researched and often eloquent work of historical biography… Schiff offers a welcome, fresh study featuring notions of liberty and democracy that feel particularly relevant in today’s consistently tumultuous political landscape."―
Kirkus Reviews

“After I put down
The Revolutionary: Samuel Adams, I wanted to pick it up and read it over again from the beginning, if only from the pleasure of the prose.  . . Read this book if you wish to know how, historically speaking, thirteen English colonies became the United States.”
 ―
Robert Knox, Medium.com

PRAISE FOR THE WITCHES:

"An oppressive, forensic, psychological thriller: J. K. Rowling meets Antony Beevor, Stephen King, and Marina Warner... Schiff’s writing is to die for.”―
The Times (London)

“Every page of
The Witches is almost scandalously pleasurable, the phrases rising, cresting and falling like all the best incantations. [Schiff] casts a spell on you.” (4 Stars)
 ―
Jocelyn McClurg, USA Today

"Schiff brings to bear a sensibility as different from the Puritans’ as can be imagined: gentle, ironic, broadly empathetic, with a keen eye for humor and nuance. Thanks to this, and to Schiff’s narrative gifts, the present-day reader flits above New England’s smoky chimneys and thatched rooftops... it is wizardry of a sort—in a flash of brimstone, a whole world made wondrously visible.”―
The Atlantic

“Haunting...the first major commercial nonfiction book on the subject in decades...Ms. Schiff instead delivers an almost novelistic, thrillerlike narrative of those manic nine months. By sidestepping most of the popular theories,
The Witches...stands out from much of the existing literature.”―The New York Times

"[Schiff's] research is impeccable; no previous writer has scoured the documentary record to such great depth. Moreover, she has mastered the entire history of early New England—from long before to well after the year of the witch-hunt....Indeed, readers may experience her narrative as a virtual tour of the time and place....Schiff’s skills as a writer extend to such formal matters as structure, pacing, and point of view...she maintains throughout the authority of an omniscient narrator who is firmly in charge.”―
John Demos, The New York Review of Books

"Engagingly thorough, thrillingly told and bracingly authoritative."―
Jean Zimmerman, NPR

"As in her Pulitzer Prize-winning biography of
Cleopatra, Schiff excels at finding fresh angles on familiar stories, carries out massive research and then weaves it into a dazzling social panorama. In Henry James’s phrase from The Art of Fiction, she is a writer on whom nothing is lost....a superb account of the Terror of Salem."―Elaine Showalter, Washington Post

PRAISE FOR CLEOPATRA:

"A masterpiece...[Schiff] has brought to life Cleopatra."―
Michael Korda, The Daily Beast

“A work of literature.”―
Judith Thurman, The New Yorker

“Enthralling.”―
Maureen Dowd, The New York Times

“Stacy Schiff is that rare combination: a first-rate historian and a brilliant storyteller. Using a wide range of sources, she spins straw into gold, conjuring the world of Ptolemaic Egypt in full vibrant color, and returning the voice of one of the most powerful, fascinating, and maligned women in history.
Cleopatra is impossible to put down.”―Rick Riordan, author of Percy Jackson & the Olympians series

"Ms. Schiff strips away the accretions of myth that have built up around the Egyptian queen and plucks off the imaginative embroiderings of Shakespeare, Shaw and Elizabeth Taylor. In doing so, she gives us a cinematic portrait of a historical figure far more complex and compelling than any fictional creation, and a wide, panning, panoramic picture of her world."

Michiko Kakutani, New York Times

About the Author

Stacy Schiff is the author of Véra (Mrs. Vladimir Nabokov), winner of the Pulitzer Prize; Saint-Exupéry, a Pulitzer Prize finalist; A Great Improvisation: Franklin, France, and the Birth of America, winner of the George Washington Book Prize and the Ambassador Book Award; Cleopatra: A Life, winner of the PEN/Jacqueline Bograd Weld Award for biography; and most recently, The Witches:Salem, 1692. Schiff has received fellowships from the Guggenheim Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the American Academy of Arts and Letters, and the Center for Scholars and Writers at the New York Public Library. A member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters, she lives in New York City.

Product details

  • ASIN ‏ : ‎ B09TZYSJ8R
  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ Little, Brown and Company (October 25, 2022)
  • Publication date ‏ : ‎ October 25, 2022
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • File size ‏ : ‎ 74502 KB
  • Text-to-Speech ‏ : ‎ Enabled
  • Screen Reader ‏ : ‎ Supported
  • Enhanced typesetting ‏ : ‎ Enabled
  • X-Ray ‏ : ‎ Enabled
  • Word Wise ‏ : ‎ Enabled
  • Sticky notes ‏ : ‎ On Kindle Scribe
  • Print length ‏ : ‎ 433 pages
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.3 4.3 out of 5 stars 2,209 ratings

About the author

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Stacy Schiff
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A Pulitzer Prize-winner, Stacy Schiff is the author of several bestselling biographies and historical works including, most recently, The Witches: Salem, 1692. Her previous book, Cleopatra: A Life, appeared on most year-end best books lists, including the New York Times’s Top Ten Books of 2010, and won the PEN/Jacqueline Bograd Weld Award for biography. Cleopatra was translated into 30 languages. Schiff’s other work includes Véra (Mrs. Vladimir Nabokov), winner of the Pulitzer Prize; Saint-Exupéry, a Pulitzer Prize finalist; and A Great Improvisation: Franklin, France, and the Birth of America, winner of the George Washington Book Prize, the Ambassador Award in American Studies, and the Gilbert Chinard Prize of the Institut Français d’Amérique. Schiff is a Guggenheim and NEH Fellow and was a Director’s Fellow at the Cullman Center for Scholars and Writers at the New York Public Library. Among other honors, she was named a 2011 Library Lion by the New York Public Library, a Boston Public Library Literary Light in 2016, and in 2017 received the Lifetime Achievement Award in History and Biography from the New England Historic Genealogical Society. She received the 2019 Peggy V. Helmerich Distinguished Author Award. In 2018 she was named a Chevalier de l’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture. Awarded a 2006 Academy Award in Literature from the American Academy of Arts and Letters, she was inducted into the Academy in 2019. Schiff has written for The New Yorker, The New York Times, The Washington Post, The New York Review of Books, The Times Literary Supplement, and The Los Angeles Times, among many other publications. She lives in New York City.

Customer reviews

4.3 out of 5 stars
4.3 out of 5
2,209 global ratings

Customers say

Customers find the book exceedingly well-researched and unique in its perspective. They also describe the narrative style as fascinating and exciting. Opinions differ on the writing style, with some finding it excellent and easy to read, while others find it a torturous exercise.

AI-generated from the text of customer reviews

34 customers mention "Descriptiveness"30 positive4 negative

Customers find the book well researched, detailed, and readable. They also say it provides insights that were hitherto unknown. Readers also say the book is a great bio of one of our revolutionary heroes, and that it takes a unique perspective. They mention that the work is well structured and organized into thirteen chapters.

"Historian Stacy Schiff makes a compelling argument (well-researched with lots of footnotes -- that themselves are fascinating) that Adams was the..." Read more

"...The book is sturdy and well edited. The work is well structured and organized into thirteen chapters, an extensive reference section, useful..." Read more

"This is the best text on the birth of the concept of the republic. The research by the author is second to none. We written and a must if you like...." Read more

"...I was pleased with this narrative. It was very informative and an enjoyable read." Read more

23 customers mention "Narrative style"20 positive3 negative

Customers find the narrative style fascinating, exciting, and excellent. They also say the book is a must-read for students of American history, as it recounts details in excellent prose. Customers also describe the narrative as fast-paced and entertaining.

"...rebellion through his inflammatory rhetoric make for an absorbing narrative...." Read more

"For starters, this is an excellently written and researched history of America's revolutionary, Samuel Adams...." Read more

"...enjoyed reading his life story, and this is one of the best books on the American Revolution that has been written...." Read more

"...It just made me very aware that some writers make history interesting and accessible to their audience in a way that other writers don’t or can’t." Read more

5 customers mention "Biography"5 positive0 negative

Customers find the biography of Sam Adams, son of John Adams, good.

"I’m not sorry I plowed my way through this. It provides information about Adams who appears to have played a singularly important role in the years..." Read more

"...The book presents a good bio of Samuel Adams...." Read more

"Good biography of Sam Adams , son of John Adams" Read more

"Iteresting history about Sam Adams but the author's use of unnecessary words and phrases was very distracting...." Read more

46 customers mention "Writing style"18 positive28 negative

Customers are mixed about the writing style. Some find the book excellently written and readable, while others find it complex and dry. They also say it takes patience to continue to read it, and reads like an academic book.

"...Initially, I found the prose, sentence structure, and word selection distracting from obtaining the full meaning of the story...." Read more

"...The research by the author is second to none. We written and a must if you like. History." Read more

"...It’s quite a tale, but I was frustrated with Schiff’s writing style...." Read more

"For starters, this is an excellently written and researched history of America's revolutionary, Samuel Adams...." Read more

Great book about a little remembered hero of the American Revolution
5 Stars
Great book about a little remembered hero of the American Revolution
What do you remember from middle and high school American History? George Washington? Thomas Jefferson? Franklin? Revere and several others? I certainly do.Samuel Adams is also a name I remember. Barely. ‘Wasn’t he kin to John Adams?’, I thought."The Revolutionary Samuel Adams", by Stacy Schiff, 2022, answered that question for me and so much more.George Washington is the father of our country. Sam Adams should be known as the father of the revolution. His pen defined, coalesced, and spread the initial concepts of American interests and patriotism which defeated the British Empire before they knew there was a battle, much less a war. Adams’ lack of personal ambition assured his place in history would not be built upon his self-promotion; there was none. He even encouraged his contemporaries—whom you do remember from school—to minimize his role in the revolution and founding.Schiff will immerse you in the events and daily lives of Adams and many others, including leading British figures, as the former begins to think about a separate identity from Great Britain and the latter pursues the business of Empire, too busy and unconcerned about a far away place to pay much attention to the rapidly building dissatisfaction and discord of that land.Schiff presents Adams, far more famous then than his much younger cousin, our second president, as a chaos agent capitalizing on every opportunity and slight provided by British agents and administrators in order to sow increased division between an American populace drifting along under the protection of the Crown and the Empire. Many of those opportunities were manufactured by Adams to further his (initial) dream of Americans being afforded their rights as British citizens.The chaos he created with his hundreds (thousands?) of published articles and letters under a host of pseudonyms roused citizens to begin questioning British rule which disregarded American rights.Schiff puts you there and then; I found myself eagerly awaiting to see what Samuel Adams and his colleagues—names you will recognize—would do the next day or week. (I used this book as a bedside reader thinking it would help this insomniac drift off . . . no such luck!)I almost did not buy "The Revolutionary Samuel Adams" due to the comments I had read concerning Schiff’s use of archaic and awkward sentence structure in many instances. It is true, many of her sentences require thought to unpack and mentally rearrange or to simply sit and allow the true meaning to ‘come, as if in a dream.’She is often like listening to a foreigner speak your language; the words are there and you understand them individually, but what do they mean when strung together? Over time, you become used to the foreigner’s speech pattern and the issue either disappears or is diminished.The same is true of Schiff’s writing. The complaints about some of her sentences are accurate but overblown.I do have one huge complaint: Schiff has copious endnotes, however, they do not reference the actual text, but the page number on which it is found. This made the endnotes practically useless for me.I learned a tremendous amount of Revolutionary and Founding history from "The Revolutionary Samuel Adams" . . . history that I thought I already knew.I highly recommend this book.
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Top reviews from the United States

Reviewed in the United States on December 31, 2023
Historian Stacy Schiff makes a compelling argument (well-researched with lots of footnotes -- that themselves are fascinating) that Adams was the driving force behind the American Revolution. With vivid prose, Schiff paints a portrait of a man devoted to moral righteousness and impervious to wealth and power, yet who ruthlessly used misinformation to whip up public sentiment against the British. Adams presaged techniques now commonplace to distort facts and push towards the revolution. Well-known incidents leading to the revolution are shown in new ways -- the Boston Tea Party and the Boston Massacre are both fascinating when Samuel Adams' influence is shown. Schiff offers insights into how Adams' conflicting traits and pivotal role in inflaming rebellion through his inflammatory rhetoric make for an absorbing narrative. Her lively accounts of mob violence and key revolutionary figures like John Hancock and Thomas Hutchinson further illuminate a historical figure that many people have heard of but whose actions have been hidden in the fog of history. The fact that I learned a lot and enjoyed the journey resulted in me giving this book five stars.
5 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on December 15, 2022
After viewing a television interview with the author, I was inclined to obtain this famous biography for further insight into Samuel Adams life, which I thought I was familiar. Unlike the image of a man on the famous beer company bottle, which is really Paul Revere, I obtained a good view of his image on the front cover and a photo of a painting midway into the book.

Conversely, I was amazed viewing the back cover where there was a quote by the great American author, David McCullough as to Stacy Schiff’s superior writing style which after reading this work, I cannot agree. Initially, I found the prose, sentence structure, and word selection distracting from obtaining the full meaning of the story. Who uses words like obstreperous and abstemious? Although I felt her information interesting, this, unlike Martin Dugard, she does not place the reader in the times, the reader has to struggle to get there!

Schiff provides a fascinating and interesting view into the United States pre-revolutionary life in Boston and the colonies. The reader is exposed to the volatile nature of the populous during this period coupled with the political quagmire of this period between the citizenry and the mother country that led to a new nation. The read acquires a critical view of the founding father’s personal lives which is not common knowledge.

The reader will fully appreciate the impact of the British Stamp Act, the following Townsend Act, the Boston Massacre, Boston Tea party, Coercive Acts, Port Act, Lexington and Breed’s Hill which led up to the American Revolution. The author portrays British Governor of Massachusetts prior and during these events, Francis Bernard’s character, to be similar to present day authoritarian governance where the citizen is victimized by its own government.

The book is sturdy and well edited. The work is well structured and organized into thirteen chapters, an extensive reference section, useful photographs, and helpful index. Due to the many characters in the text a glossary of persons would be very helpful for the consumer. This would assist in understanding the Massachusetts period government.
46 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on February 19, 2024
This is the best text on the birth of the concept of the republic. The research by the author is second to none. We written and a must if you like. History.
2 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on February 3, 2024
I read a lot of books on the history of our country and it's past and present leaders. I have read several books on the Revolutionary War; but none on Samuel Adam's. I was pleased with this narrative. It was very informative and an enjoyable read.
2 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on April 19, 2023
Samuel Adams deserves a more prominent place for his role in the achievement of American independence from Britain than most histories have recorded, argues author Stacy Schiff in this biography.

Arguably, there are three reasons why Samuel Adams’ name doesn’t appear in the same Pantheon as his cousin John Adams or founding fathers George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, John Hancock, and Alexander Hamilton.

First, Samuel Adams was a member of an “older generation.” The other “Founders of Our Country” were at least 13 and as much as 35 years younger than Samuel Adams. Only Benjamin Franklin was older.

Second, Adams’ writings first came to attention in the 1760s. Early on, his argument was for equal representation in Parliament rather than independence. When such a call for equal treatment and “no taxation without representation” was ignored by London, he stirred up rancor that led to the Boston Tea Party. When that led to a British decision to close Boston Harbor, Adams had additional reason to provoke resentment. Through articles and pamphlets written under some 30 pseudonyms, he was not above exaggerating British slights and failures.

Third, Adams’ influence was generated by his talent as a propagandist and as a leader in the Massachusetts House. Although he galvanized public opinion against British rule in the other colonies, he was less influential in the Continental Congress. He left few papers, perhaps because in the 1760s and early 1770s he faced the risk of arrest as one of the most outspoken critics of the British-appointed governor of Massachusetts and of British rule generally. Once the Revolution was won, he became an unwelcome curmudgeon, failing to provide a vision of what this new country might be.

The most enlightening part of the book concerns Samuel Adams’ role in the early events that preceded the Declaration of Independence by as much as 30 years.

The American colonies were land rich, short of labor (which the South solved through the evil of slavery), and capital poor. Sam Adams’ father was a successful businessman with a malt business (not a brewer but a supplier to brewers), and sent his son to Harvard where he graduated sixth in his class of 23. Astonishingly, class rank was established by social standing rather than academic excellence!

Samuel Adams had an early reason to resent Parliament and its representatives in North America. In 1744 when he was 22, his father was nearly wiped out by The Land Bank Crisis. The rapidly growing economy was in great need of capital. To provide liquidity, The Massachusetts House voted to issue paper money backed by land ownership. Samuel Adams’ father, like many who were land rich and cash poor, pledged his land for cash, only to see the Royal Governor’s Council veto the program, and Parliament in London prohibit such an initiative going forward. Required to come up with British currency to cover the debt they had assumed through the Land Bank program, the Adams family was forced into financial straits from which they never fully recovered.

As to labor, the opportunities abundant in America created problems of governance for the British. In order to make a new life, British sailors often jumped ship when docked in American ports. In 1747, Boston mobs prevented the impressment of Americans to fill vacancies on British ships.

Parliament had a free hand to collect taxes in England and indeed the rate of taxation was higher at home than in the American colonies. The military and administrative cost of protecting the colonists were high and collecting taxes was difficult. Parliament felt it had every right to impose the Sugar Act of 1764 and the Stamp Act of 1765 and did so without consultation with its American colonies.

By this time, as a member of the Massachusetts House and as a propagandist, Samuel Adams became the most prominent voice of protest against “taxation without representation.” Boston had six newspapers which were his preferred method of advancing argument. Adams drafted a Resolve of the Massachusetts House, a document intended to be a North American Magna Carta, spelling out the rights of Massachusetts and intended as a model for the other states. This was rejected by London, which never came to grips with the aspirations of colonists so far away.

Adams realized that the yoke of British tyranny could be overthrown only if Massachusetts was joined by other American colonies. Through his writing he tried to influence opinion in Philadelphia, Virginia, and beyond.

As the 1770s unfolded, Adams was not alone in mobilizing resistance to British rule. Paul Revere took considerable license in his engraving of the Boston Massacre. Thomas Paine rose to prominence. In addition to his writings, Schiff argues that Adams was often directing action behind the scenes, as in the case of the Boston Tea Party which he may have helped plot even though he was not present as the act was committed.

By 1775, Adams and John Hancock were two of the most prominent voices for independence, and were acclaimed by crowds as they made their way to Philadelphia for the Continental Congress. It is remarkable that neither man was seized by the British and charged with treason. But according to Schiff, General Gage worried that, if arrested, these two men would be replaced by ten more.

Once the Revolutionary War had been won, Samuel Adams found his influence diminishing. Other founding fathers assumed prominent positions in the new nation. He briefly succeeded John Hancock as governor of Massachusetts but never achieved a national role. Without a body of writing that was directly attributable to him given his many pseudonyms, and seemingly out of step with the concerns of the new nation, his influence in provoking rebellion was largely forgotten.

It’s quite a tale, but I was frustrated with Schiff’s writing style. It wasn’t until I finished the book, feeling that it was a slog, that I looked at other reviews and found criticism of her writing to be shared. Many readers will be interested to learn about Samuel Adams but will have to draw upon personal resolve to finish the book.
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Customer
5.0 out of 5 stars Great Biography
Reviewed in Canada on November 16, 2023
A well written book. A bought the Hard Copy. Now a prized addition to my library.
Elliott Almqvist
4.0 out of 5 stars Interesting Read
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on February 7, 2024
An interesting glance into the life of a crucial - yet often forgotten - figure in the American Revolution.

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