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Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human Paperback – September 1, 1999
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A landmark achievement as expansive, erudite, and passionate as its renowned author, this book is the culmination of a lifetime of reading, writing about, and teaching Shakespeare.
Preeminent literary critic-and ultimate authority on the western literary tradition, Harold Bloom leads us through a comprehensive reading of every one of the dramatist's plays, brilliantly illuminating each work with unrivaled warmth, wit and insight. At the same time, Bloom presents one of the boldest theses of Shakespearean scholarships: that Shakespeare not only invented the English language, but also created human nature as we know it today.
- Print length768 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherRiverhead Books
- Publication dateSeptember 1, 1999
- Dimensions6.17 x 1.9 x 9.16 inches
- ISBN-10157322751X
- ISBN-13978-1573227513
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"No critic in the English language since Samuel Johnson has been more prolific." --The Paris Review
"Bloom is all literature, (he) positively lives it." --Alfred Kazin
From the Back Cover
About the Author
Product details
- Publisher : Riverhead Books (September 1, 1999)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 768 pages
- ISBN-10 : 157322751X
- ISBN-13 : 978-1573227513
- Item Weight : 2.3 pounds
- Dimensions : 6.17 x 1.9 x 9.16 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #68,480 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #6 in Shakespeare Literary Criticism
- #116 in Literary Criticism & Theory
- #240 in Author Biographies
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

Harold Bloom is a Sterling Professor of Humanities at Yale University and a former Charles Eliot Norton Professor at Harvard. His more than thirty books include The Best Poems of the English Language, The Art of Reading Poetry, and The Book of J. He is a MacArthur Prize Fellow, a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters, and the recipient of many awards and honorary degrees, including the Academy's Gold Medal for Belles Lettres and Criticism, the International Prize of Catalonia, and the Alfonso Reyes Prize of Mexico.
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Learn more how customers reviews work on AmazonCustomers say
Customers find the book enjoyable and insightful. They describe it as a unique literary journey with a delightful writing style. The author's style celebrates Shakespeare's works while pointing out the author's typical Bloom style. The book explores language as a uniquely human attribute and develops personalities through poetry.
AI-generated from the text of customer reviews
Customers find the book enjoyable and engaging. They praise it as a great work by one of the greatest writers of all time. The book provides insights that enrich their enjoyment of the play.
"...But even being so, the result is amazing, not a single critic since A. C. Bradley has thrown so much light to Shakespeare...." Read more
"...This book is frequently insightful, well-written, and useful, but it could have been much better, especially in view of the general audience for..." Read more
"I have read most of Mr. Bloom's books, well worth the effort in shedding light on the Western Canon...." Read more
"...Highly recommended! The book is excellent, too. Also five stars." Read more
Customers find the book insightful and well-written. They say it's a must-read for Shakespeare fans. The analyses inspire and educate, with an in-depth treatment of the plays. However, some readers feel the opinions are pointless or outdated.
"...that Shakespeare created personality as we know it and changed forever our modes of cognition; giving birth to characters that do not only change by..." Read more
"...Each play is considered and their contribution to our incremental evolution of the internalized self-object unfolds...." Read more
"...This book is frequently insightful, well-written, and useful, but it could have been much better, especially in view of the general audience for..." Read more
"...Because Bloom does such a wonderful job of dissecting the plays that one gets lost in the nuances that he brings out...." Read more
Customers find the writing quality engaging and insightful. They describe it as a unique literary journey with an excellent summary of Shakespeare's major works. The book is described as scholarly but a bit windy at times. Readers mention it's a must-read if you are human, and an imaginative analysis of the play in a very inventive way.
"This book is a compilation of essays written by Harold Bloom plus an introduction and a "coda" treating Shakespeare's plays generally...." Read more
"...This book is frequently insightful, well-written, and useful, but it could have been much better, especially in view of the general audience for..." Read more
"...His critical analyses of the plays are insightful and provocative...." Read more
"I’m a great fan of the bard and am reasonably well read but just couldn’t follow much of the text in this book...." Read more
Customers enjoy the book's Bloom style. They find it an imposing tome, but they find it refreshing to read. The book is described as beautiful and erudite.
"...the same direction: analyzing the play in a very inventive and imaginative fashion...." Read more
"Excellent summation of the major Shakespeare plays. Typical Bloom style that celebrates Shakespeare's works while pointing out varying style and..." Read more
"...An imposing tome appearance wise, one easily plunges into its depths feeling refreshed and renewed." Read more
"Beautiful edition of book. I hope to learn more about the writings of Shakespeare. Harold Bloom is one of my favorite authors of non-fiction...." Read more
Customers enjoy the book's personality. They find it interesting that language is considered a uniquely human attribute and that Shakespeare developed personalities through poetry. The central theory is that Shakespeare invented personality and meaning to experience, creating the human.
"...he was even more a poet, and developed the personalities through this poetry. The sonnets were..." Read more
"...and attribute meaning to experience and in so doing the Human is invented...." Read more
"...It's about language as a uniquely human attribute...." Read more
"...His shocking central theory is: Shakespeare INVENTED personality. Not simply how we look at personality - he created it as a concept." Read more
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Top reviews from the United States
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- Reviewed in the United States on February 28, 2017This book is a compilation of essays written by Harold Bloom plus an introduction and a "coda" treating Shakespeare's plays generally. There is an essay for each one of Shakespeare's plays considered cannonical twenty years ago. Every essay goes in the same direction: analyzing the play in a very inventive and imaginative fashion. Of course, this method ends up making the lenght and complexity of the various essays extremely variable. Plays like "The Two Gentlemen of Verona" or "The Comedy of Errors" are discussed in very few -but always clever- pages; minor plays like the ones just mentioned or simply those that Bloom finds not very attractive receive this treatment. Most plays are analyzed in similar lenght and complexity, although, Bloom's language and literary references often obscure their reading. This is especially true in the essays about the plays Harold loves the most. The essays about "King Lear" or "Henry IV" are filled with references to a wide range of authors or critics, even excepts from their works. But even being so, the result is amazing, not a single critic since A. C. Bradley has thrown so much light to Shakespeare.
The criticism follows mainly two points: the inwardness and the irony. This two themes, especially the second one, are part of the "creation of the human", characteristic that Bloom assigns to Shakespeare. In fact, all the essays try to proof that Shakespeare created personality as we know it and changed forever our modes of cognition; giving birth to characters that do not only change by hearing others, but by overhearing their own singular and unique voices and this way being able to separate themselves from the roles they play and achieving ever-growing inwardness and freedom. It may sound, indeed, as if Bloom were worshipping a god. But at this he responds "Why not?".
- Reviewed in the United States on September 27, 2020The late critic Harold Bloom loved Shakespeare above all as the center of the western canon. He was
passionate about teaching literature as literature, not as psychology, politics, economics, theology or
other ideologies. The emphasis is not on the stories (the Bard mostly borrowed these from historians or
other writers) but the characters, personalities, and human nature. While Shakespeare was a dramatist,
he was even more a poet, and developed the personalities through this poetry. The sonnets were
certainly poems, but so were the plays.
Among the characters that Bloom emphasizes again and again are Hamlet, Falstaff, Cleopatra,
Macbeth, Iago, Rosalind, Edmund and Lear. He treats the characters as real people, because they
seem more real than a lot of the people in so-called real life. So for instance, in Poem Unlimited
Bloom offers speculation about what Hamlet did, going to England and Germany to learn drama
and other intellectual disciplines. Hamlet has actually surpassed his creator and become an
author in his own right. We quote Hamlet as if we're quoting Socrates or Jesus or Buddha.
These characters are traced through Shakespeare's career development with the comedies,
histories, tragedies and romances (a term that Bloom dislikes for the final plays such as
the Tempest). When it comes to the genres, Shakespeare is beyond genre, as Polonius
showed with his "history-comedy-tragedy" etc. and all the combinations including poem
unlimited.
Besides Hamlet, Bloom's favorite is Falstaff, from Henry IV part I and II. Even though he's
a raunchy big old guy, he is almost as smart as Hamlet and teaches us about joie de vivre
and humor. The apotheosis or death of Cleopatra was the end of an era, as she had been
the lover of Julius Caesar, Pompey, Mark Antony etc. Octavius went on to great political
accomplishments but was not as interesting as the previous generation. But Cleopatra's
death was also the end of Shakespeare's high tragedies.
Bloom shows Shakespeare's development in relation to Chaucer, Marlowe who came
before him, Ben Jonson who was a contemporary, Fletcher who came along toward
the end, and the successor John Milton. Bloom also relates Shakespeare's characters
to others in the western canon such as Dante, Cervantes, Tolstoy, Dostoyevsky,
Austen, Coleridge, Melville, Eliot, Joyce, Woolf and Proust.
How does Bloom understand himself? He is a critic in the romantic tradition, along
with Dr. Johnson, AC Bradley, Hazlitt, Swinburne and Goddard. He is passionate about
teaching Shakespeare as literature and not through Freud or Marx. In fact he interprets
Freud through Shakespeare (!) rather than vice versa. This is a very long book but joyfully
quick.
- Reviewed in the United States on July 27, 1999Like Bloom, I've sat thorough many productions of Shakespeare's works in which the themes and the characters were distorted, mutilated, or simply ignored. I've wondered if there was anyone in the world who actually read the plays instead of using them as a marketing gimmick to display their own concepts. Fortunately, Bloom shows that he has read the plays.
Many of this book's reviewers have focused their energy on whether or not Bloom proves his thesis (which is that Shakespeare "invented" the ways that we define ourselves as humans). Just to put my opinion on it, I don't think he did. Then again, I don't think Bloom thinks he did either, as is evident by his statement in the book's end that Chaucer "invented" the human and Shakespeare perfected it.
So, why should a reader invest time in a book where it is questionable whether the author proved the central thesis? Because Bloom does such a wonderful job of dissecting the plays that one gets lost in the nuances that he brings out. His critical analyses of the plays are insightful and provocative. While I might take exception to some of his comments (I don't think Richard III is as weak as Bloom thinks it is), his writing style has conveyed his ideas in such a way that I have to respect his opinions.
I was glad that I had read/seen some of the plays so that I could understand the context of Bloom's comments about them. I did feel a little lost when reading his analyses of those plays to which I had not been exposed. Instead of wallowing in the feeling, I wanted to read those plays in order to see if I agreed with his comments. Any critical study that makes one want to return to the original source material to discover if its arguments are valid is a very good study. While I don't believe one should accept Bloom's analyses at face value, his comments provide a solid counterpoint to many of the myths about the plays. I heartily recommend this book to those who want to broaden their perspective on Shakespeare's works.
Top reviews from other countries
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Luiz Alexandre Borges Pereira dos SantosReviewed in Brazil on November 10, 20245.0 out of 5 stars Obra de referência
Leitura obrigatória, uma viagem pessoal, apaixonada e fascinante, do autor
Vladimir S.Reviewed in the United Kingdom on August 24, 20245.0 out of 5 stars Shakespeare defining humanity
First class definition of man in Western Civilisation.
dr george pollardReviewed in Canada on May 22, 20195.0 out of 5 stars A worthwile investment
A scholarly, yet accessible read, with the most appropriate material selected from each play. What amounts to annotation is interesting. If you're willing to do a bit of work in exchange for great rewards, this book is for you. dgp
Kumar DasReviewed in India on October 31, 20195.0 out of 5 stars Worth purchase..
Nice
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Cliente KindleReviewed in Spain on July 4, 20195.0 out of 5 stars Muy recomendable
Comencé a leer el libro pero por otros compromisos no continué la lectura, sin embargo es un autor muy erudito con una prosa brillante y una fuerza que invita a leerlo como una novela. Excelente la edición y presentación.







