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Shamanism: Archaic Techniques of Ecstasy (Bollingen Series, 24) Paperback – February 8, 2004
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First published in 1951, Shamanism soon became the standard work in the study of this mysterious and fascinating phenomenon. Writing as the founder of the modern study of the history of religion, Romanian émigré--scholar Mircea Eliade (1907-1986) surveys the practice of Shamanism over two and a half millennia of human history, moving from the Shamanic traditions of Siberia and Central Asia--where Shamanism was first observed--to North and South America, Indonesia, Tibet, China, and beyond. In this authoritative survey, Eliade illuminates the magico-religious life of societies that give primacy of place to the figure of the Shaman--at once magician and medicine man, healer and miracle-doer, priest, mystic, and poet. Synthesizing the approaches of psychology, sociology, and ethnology, Shamanism will remain for years to come the reference book of choice for those intrigued by this practice.
- Print length648 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherPrinceton University Press
- Publication dateFebruary 8, 2004
- Dimensions5.5 x 1.3 x 8.25 inches
- ISBN-100691119422
- ISBN-13978-0691119427
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Editorial Reviews
Review
"Eliade is the most informative guide to the modern mythologies."---Frank Kermode, New Statesman
"[A] close and detailed yet comparative study of shamanism. . . . [It] has become the standard work on the subject and justifies its claim to be the first book to study the phenomenon over a wide field and in a properly religious context." ― Times Literary Supplement
"Clearly the best work on Shamanism published so far." ― The Review of Religion
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Product details
- Publisher : Princeton University Press; Later Reprint edition (February 8, 2004)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 648 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0691119422
- ISBN-13 : 978-0691119427
- Item Weight : 1.7 pounds
- Dimensions : 5.5 x 1.3 x 8.25 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #252,582 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #263 in General History of Religion
- #404 in Comparative Religion (Books)
- #462 in History of Religions
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I was super excited to read Shamanism: Archaic Techniques of Ecstasy after seeing the citation in the Shape of Ancient Thought. I was even more excited when I realized that Wendy Doniger, my favorite scholar/professor, was mentored by this guy (Mircea Eliade is a Romanian, and a man, not a chick.) Shamanism was originally published in English (from the French) in 1951, but the book I have is a 2004 re-print with a new foreword by Doniger. Eliade's scholarship is a leetle out of date 50 years on, but that doesn't detract from the fact that this book was the first comprehensive approach to Shamanism that treated it as something other then a "degraded" "uncivilized" object of scorn. In fact, Shamanism appears to be the basis of all religious thought everywhere, showing up not only in the civilized religions of the Near East, West and East, but also in the indigenious peoples of Australia, New Guinea, Polynesia and North and South American. Shamanism is the closest things humans have to a "universal" religion prior to the emergence of the great world religions of Christianity, Islam and Buddhism (sorry Hindus!!!!)
So what is Shamanism? Eliade defines Shamanism as religious practice governed by the reaching of non-conscious ecstatic states by the Shaman. During this state, the Shaman travels to the sky or the underworld and rescues the souls of the sick/ill etc. That is Shamanism in a nut shell, but it's the description of the ritual ascents and descents that I found most interesting. I don't want to spoil the joys of the world tree, the soul egg and the bridge for those who might actually read this book, but suffice it to say that Shamanism: Archaic Techniques of Ecstasy, contains enough food for thought to keep the reader thinking for months. Also, all the quoted sources are in Russian or German, so you don't have to worry about follow up reading.
However, as a student of religion, the study of religion has lost its humor - many are too afraid to admit that patterns exist. Mircea Eliade and all of his work is a product of its time. While 'incorrect' and relying on bad data (due primarily to his armchair anthropology and bad translations), Eliade sought to prove the existence of a universal religious at a time when humanity had all but lost its faith in goodness.
This is certainly not one of my favorite pieces by Eliade as it is one of the least poetic (and, after all, Eliade's enterprise was admittedly poetic). If you are looking for a good introduction to Eliade's overarching theory, I encourage readers to consult his "The Sacred and the Profane" (a shorter version of "Patterns in Comparative Religion"). Eliade boldly asserted that all humanity is religious. Unfortunately, his route for achieving that conclusion was flawed.
Top reviews from other countries
This book is a scholarly meticulously researched study of the various practises of shamanism throughout the world. It does not provide you with a description of the techniques of how to be a shaman, nor how to have an ecstatic journey, nor how to have an out of body experience, which is presumably what the one star reviewer was looking for. Instead it provides a detailed description of shamanism as it was and is practised.
There are over 50 pages of reference works on which Eliade drew in order to provide this summary, which groups his findings by region as well as by certain common practises - parallel myths symbols and rites.
There are descriptions of the 'rebirth' experiences of shamans [the genuine near death experiences, not the common interpreation now used of born again]; the practises of healing, the travels of the shaman in out of body experiences, their roles as psychopomp and their practise of healing via 'soul retrieval'. He also describes 'soul loss' and what it means to each group.
The amount of carefully researched detail that is provided is astonishing, it is almost a life's work but carefully organised into this relatively compact volume. It draws on the work of anthropologists and the better and more serious researchers of religions, as such it is also reliable in its findings.
Personally I found this book to be a treasure house of information - but then I bought the book knowing what it contained and what I was going to use it for.
To summarise - an invaluable scholarly work on shamanic practises throughout the world over the ages .
Eliade's text remains the classic. Although written some years ago now, it is very thorough and well-referenced, gathering together much ethnographic material.
My only issue with it is Eliade's bias / judgment of the use of entheogens which Eliade regards as a less "pure" form of Shamanism amongst ancient tribes, than the use of pure sensory deprivation, sweat houses and drumming and dancing as a means of achieving the ecstatic state. To this end, Vitebsky's text is a useful balance.
Highly recommended for any scholar researching shamanism.
Anyone who has even a passing interest in what shamanism is all about should really read this piece of work. Needless to say there are many books out there that possess the the concept of shamanism in the title but they generally tend to err towards a ideological meaning and skirt around the real content of what shamanism is essentially about.
A great piece of work for people interested in society, psychology, religions origins and anthropology. The only area it seems to be lacking in is a neurological view of shamanism (which is understandable given the date of the book).







