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The Meat Racket: The Secret Takeover of America's Food Business Hardcover – February 18, 2014
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The biggest takeover in American business that you’ve n ever heard of
The American supermarket seems to represent the best in America: abundance, freedom, choice. But that turns out to be an illusion. The rotisserie chicken, the pepperoni, the cordon bleu, the frozen pot pie, and the bacon virtually all come from four companies.
In The Meat Racket, investigative reporter Christopher Leonard delivers the first-ever account of how a handful of companies have seized the nation’s meat supply. He shows how they built a system that puts farmers on the edge of bankruptcy, charges high prices to consumers, and returns the industry to the shape it had in the 1900s before the meat monopolists were broken up. At the dawn of the twenty-first century, the greatest capitalist country in the world has an oligarchy controlling much of the food we eat and a high-tech sharecropping system to make that possible.
Forty years ago, more than thirty-six companies produced half of all the chicken Americans ate. Now there are only three that make that amount, and they control every aspect of the process, from the egg to the chicken to the chicken nugget. These companies are even able to raise meat prices for consumers while pushing down the price they pay to farmers. And tragically, big business and politics have derailed efforts to change the system.
We know that it takes big companies to bring meat to the American table. What The Meat Racket shows is that this industrial system is rigged against all of us. In that sense, Leonard has exposed our heartland’s biggest scandal.
- Print length384 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherSimon & Schuster
- Publication dateFebruary 18, 2014
- Dimensions6 x 1.2 x 9 inches
- ISBN-101451645813
- ISBN-13978-1451645811
Book recommendations, author interviews, editors' picks, and more. Read it now.
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Editorial Reviews
From Booklist
Review
"Only a very good writer could turn a story about chickens, hogs and cattle into a thriller, and Leonard is that. He brings his characters to life. . . . The book is a scary portrait of capitalism run amok." ― Bethany McLean, The Washington Post
"Gripping...The Meat Racket is a riveting book, and the picture Mr. Leonard paints is a disturbing one." ― Wall Street Journal
“Leonard’s book argues that a handful of companies, led by Tyson, control our meat industry in ways that raise concerns about the impact on animals and humans alike, while tearing at the fabric of rural America.” ― Nicholas Kristof, The New York Times
“One of the best books of investigative reporting that I’ve seen in quite a while…if you think muckraking is dead or even on its last legs, The Meat Racket is proof positive that it’s very much alive. The big question is whether or not there are any reformers and regulators left who have the will and the strength to pick up the ball and run with it.” ― Strategy + Business
“A fascinating look at what has happened in the past decades to the meat business as huge companies essentially staged a takeover while no one, except struggling farmers, paid mind.” ― New York Daily News
“An engrossing report on the industrialized American meat business…a richly detailed examination of factory farming, which has reshaped small-town life for the worse. . . . An authoritative look at a ruthlessly efficient system.” ― Kirkus Reviews (starred)
“A minor miracle of reporting. Tyson isn’t the sort of company that likes to show reporters around its operations…Leonard managed to penetrate that secrecy, and has painted an intimate picture of the company and the people who made it.” ― Grist
“In his eye-opener to the inner workings of the corporations that control and manipulate the nation’s meat supply, journalist Leonard reveals how these vertically integrated behemoths operate to the detriment of both farmers, who do the hard and risky work of raising animals, and consumers, who have actually fewer true choices when shopping in the grocery store or ordering at the local fast-food franchise.” ― Booklist
“Cruelty, greed, and monopoly power--that is what Christopher Leonard has found at the heart of America's meat packing industry. This book offers a devastating portrait of an industry's irresponsible behavior.” -- Eric Schlosser, author of Fast Food Nation
“Leonard’s primary concern is the grim and gripping story of how American meat went industrial. But he also spins a nuanced tale of how the family farm was America’s first small business—and what we’ve lost by letting it go. A fascinating read.” -- Tracie McMillan, author of The American Way of Eating
“A meticulous exposé of the meat industry . . . also telling a broader story about American business, consumerism, and—most of all—greed. . . . What makes The Meat Racket stand out is Leonard’s superb storytelling and his clear passion for the topic. . . . He is a man on a mission—and that is clearly the best kind of reporter to write a book like this.” -- Jessica Valenti ― Bookforum
"Leonard, former national agribusiness reporter for The Associated Press, pulls off a stunning feat in putting the heat on the major industrial meat giants." ― Publishers Weekly
“This eye-opening investigation into the semi-shady practices governing one of the nation's fundamental industries will make readers question how these megacompanies were ever allowed to grow so large and powerful…. A compelling in-depth exposé of the concentration of wealth and power at the heart of the U.S. meat industry.” ― Shelf Awareness for Readers
“I will admit when I picked up this book, it was more with the sense that it was something I should read than something that would be a page turner. And yet it immediately drew me in. Christopher Leonard's power is the ability to capture the human lives caught within the system, particularly the farmers but also the employees who helped build the corporations… this book is a compelling reminder that we all have a stake in how this business is conducted.” -- Sarah J. Gardner ― Radish Magazine
About the Author
Product details
- Publisher : Simon & Schuster
- Publication date : February 18, 2014
- Edition : First Edition
- Language : English
- Print length : 384 pages
- ISBN-10 : 1451645813
- ISBN-13 : 978-1451645811
- Item Weight : 1.15 pounds
- Dimensions : 6 x 1.2 x 9 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #1,301,404 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #251 in Agriculture Industry (Books)
- #752 in Food Science (Books)
- #6,043 in Fauna
- Customer Reviews:
Product Videos
About the author

Christopher Leonard is a business reporter whose work has appeared in The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, Fortune, and Bloomberg Businessweek. He is the author of The Meat Racket and Kochland, which won the J. Anthony Lukas Work-in-Progress Award.
www.ChristopherLeonard.biz
Customer reviews
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Learn more how customers reviews work on AmazonCustomers say
Customers find the book reads like a novel and is meticulously researched, with well-written content that keeps readers engaged from cover to cover. Moreover, they appreciate its thought-provoking nature and educational value, particularly in understanding the meat industry, with one customer noting how it explains supermarket price increases. However, the book receives mixed reactions regarding its value for money and terror level.
AI Generated from the text of customer reviews
Customers find the book highly readable, describing it as fascinating and compelling, with one customer noting it reads like a novel.
"The Meat Racket was a good read. Easy to pickup and dive right back into. The subject matter was good...." Read more
"...there is so much information that is revealed about it that is very interesting. It is well written, easy to read and follow...." Read more
"This is a phenomenal book...." Read more
"Tremendous history lesson of US livestock built into this book ! Very good read. Kept readers interest from cover to cover...." Read more
Customers find the book informative and meticulously researched, providing an educational overview of the meat industry.
"Very informative and easy to read." Read more
"...This was an extremely well written and well researched book...." Read more
"...The writer was objective and every opinion is fact based. Great book. Fully recommend." Read more
"...This is a remarkably insightful book, reflecting the author Christopher Leonard's deep and careful research and skilled writing...." Read more
Customers praise the writing quality of the book, with one noting how it captures readers with its fluid prose, while another describes it as one of the best investigative books they've read.
"Well written and a book you will not put down...." Read more
"...It is well written, easy to read and follow...." Read more
"...This was an extremely well written and well researched book...." Read more
"This is a phenomenal book. It's so carefully written and fair and kind to the antagonists of the story (e.g., the still and once breathing Tysons)..." Read more
Customers appreciate the narrative style of the book, with one review highlighting its personal stories that flesh out the content, while another notes its wide-ranging coverage of the meat packaging industry.
"...All that makes for a captivating account...." Read more
"...Christopher Leonard is smart about personalizing his narrative and serving up a stunning nugget of his own...." Read more
"...up the story of The Meat Racket, a remarkably well-written, intricately woven tale by Christopher Leonard about how Tyson Foods have changed forever..." Read more
"...There is a wide story behind the meat packaging industry and there is so much information that is revealed about it that is very interesting...." Read more
Customers find the book thought-provoking, with one customer noting it is never preachy, while another appreciates its compassionate approach towards small meat producers.
"...Narrative, well-written and thought-provoking." Read more
"This is a fundamentally compassionate book...." Read more
"The Meat Racket is an honest and thoughtful account of the current state of meat production in our country...." Read more
"...Really invokes thought. Makes someone consider how they can start sourcing food as locally as possible." Read more
Customers appreciate the educational value of the book, with reviews highlighting its comprehensive coverage of the meat industry, including detailed insights into chicken processing and the evolution of the poultry industry.
"...Easy to recruit new farms where Tyson makes consistent profits while most risk is assumed by the growers...." Read more
"...negative side of vertical integration but the evolution and chickenization of the poultry industry...." Read more
"...the distinct histories of the poultry, pork, and beef industries with precision and care...." Read more
"...This book, however, was a complete education...." Read more
Customers have mixed opinions about the value for money of the book, with some finding it affordable, while one customer describes it as "highway robbery."
"...to feed the world while ensuring our food is safe, accessible and affordable. But that’s not what this book is...." Read more
"Highway Robbery..." Read more
"...It explains why prices in supermarkets keep going up and where those billions of dollars for farm subsidies really go." Read more
"Good priced rental." Read more
Customers have mixed reactions to the terror level of the book, with some finding it deeply disturbing.
"Deeply Disturbing..." Read more
"A compelling book and a terrifying one. And a must read for anyone who's worried about what they're eating...." Read more
"Scary look inside the poultry industry..." Read more
"Sits on my bookshelf alongside "THE JUNGLE" and is equally shocking...." Read more
Top reviews from the United States
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- Reviewed in the United States on August 30, 2025Honestly one of the best read I’ve read in a while. It doesn’t only show you the negative side of vertical integration but the evolution and chickenization of the poultry industry. The writer was objective and every opinion is fact based. Great book. Fully recommend.
- Reviewed in the United States on August 28, 2014The Meat Racket was a good read. Easy to pickup and dive right back into. The subject matter was good. The method and flow of the information was well done. Now, the book was written from a very narrow understanding of the Protien business in the United States. It is an attempt to blacken the eye of Tyson, however, if you read the book without a predetermined expectation the book has a lot of very real facts. It's not the next Food Inc. but I hope it causes folks to ask more questions and do more research.
- Reviewed in the United States on August 15, 2020You need to read this book to understand the concept of "chickenization." In the meat business, that means converting independent farmers into debt-enslaved peons who madly work themselves, their wives, and their children night and day for much less than minimum wage to enrich firms like Tyson. In the "sharing economy" it means atomizing independent businesses like hotels or taxi companies so their former employees scramble to enrich firms like Airbnb or Uber.
This is a remarkably insightful book, reflecting the author Christopher Leonard's deep and careful research and skilled writing. The book covers much more than just the evolution of the Tyson chicken empire, though that is the inspiration of the work. Don Tyson was the business genius who led his family firm to the heights of power and depths of iniquity which Leonard explains so clearly, and which inspired so many other businesses. Leonard capped his research by interviewing Don Tyson himself.
In the meat business, although the "farmers" contribute both financial and human capital essential to the overall enterprise they do not share in its profits. Each firm like Tyson owns all the elements of its overall business which have economies of scale (feed-mixing, hatchery, slaughter, marketing) but delegates the labor-intensive step of actually raising the animals on capital-intensive farmsteads to hapless peons. The peons do not ask for overtime or better wages as employees would, they do not shirk, they force their children to labor without pay-- because they think of themselves as "independent farmers," for a few years at least. They are not independent at all-- firms like Tyson supply the chicks, the feed, the medicines-- everything-- and take the grown chickens away every few months. Since the farmers don't own the animals they raise they cannot sell them into the market but must take whatever payment-- large or small-- their sponsoring firm decides to give them. They can't even quit easily because they owe huge mortgages on their farms, which Tyson and similar firms actually steer them to get.
The concept and practice of chickenization has spread beyond the raising of meat animals. It is essentially how so-called "sharing" businesses like Airbnb or Uber and various similar competitors work.
Airbnb owns all the good parts of its business. It does not tie up capital in dwelling rooms-- hosts supply those using mortgages for which they are solely liable (Airbnb refers new hosts to lenders for a commission)-- and does not employ housekeepers or maintenance staff-- as "independent businessmen" the hosts clean and patch. Uber is similar-- drivers buy the cars that Uber chooses with loans arranged by Uber, then to pay off those loans they drive Uber's customers around when Uber tells them to in return for payments set unilaterally by Uber (plus occasional tips). The drivers fuel and maintain the cars and pay all the taxes on them. Like chicken farmers, Airbnb hosts and Uber drivers contribute financial and human capital essential to the overall business, they work without minimum or overtime wages for payments set unilaterally by chickenizing firms, but they do not share in the overall profits.
Competitively, Airbnb destroys hotels and Uber destroys taxi firms because chickenization drives down capital and labor costs so effectively. What firm can afford a hundred-million-dollar mortgage on a hotel when a competitor uses a ragtag army of hosts to provide an equivalent number of rooms using independent capital? Worse, what firm can afford to employ housekeepers or drivers, with all the overhead of managing them and accepting liability for their actions, when a competitor uses "independent businessmen" who work furiously without supervision because they're desperate to make their next loan payment?
Reading "The Meat Racket" will teach you how to recognize chickenization in any industry (it's common in fast-food and small-retail franchising). That alone would justify the book, but the story Leonard tells, of the plight of the farmers, the history of the Tyson firm and the other firms which emulated it, the remarkable lives of Don Tyson, his father, and the people around them, is so interesting that you can read the book for sheer entertainment. For either or both, read this book.
- Reviewed in the United States on January 18, 2015A compelling book and a terrifying one. And a must read for anyone who's worried about what they're eating. And anyone who's ever wondered how come chicken and eggs are so cheap nowadays at the supermarket. Back in 16th century France, King Henry IV when he acceded the throne found a country devastated by war and launched what was probably History's first campaign to fight poverty and stimulate economic growth. He famously used the slogan "a chicken in every Sunday pot" - meaning that a chicken, then a luxury, should be the one meal of choice for every French family at least once a week. Now, four centuries later, we have chicken every day, we have eggs galore every morning.
But what kind of chicken is it, what kind of meat? The author does a superb investigative job to answer that question, talking to everyone at Tyson Foods (one of the biggest corporation controling the meat market, from egg to frozen food) and digging into its history. All that makes for a captivating account. What contract farming means for the farmers working for Tyson Foods is revealed in all its hair-raising details.
A pity the book doesn't go as far as I would have liked - but I shouldn't complain, after all, as its title implies, it stops at "the meat racket". Still, I would have liked to see more about what it means for consumers, I am especially worried about all the chemicals and genetic manipulations that go into modern meat production and what they do to us humans - could the current ghastly wave of obesity that has overwhelmed America and is now reaching Europe be ascribed to them? I fear so but of course I don't have the proof and this is not a book that will throw light on that aspect.
Nevertheless, as far as it goes, this is an excellent book and it should be read. Your next fried egg will never look the same to you again! And maybe one of these days, in a follow-up book, Christopher Leonard will apply his remarkable investigative talents to uncover what modern agriculture does to human health. I am looking forward to it. Meanwhile, read this book, highly recommended.
Top reviews from other countries
Amazon CustomerReviewed in the United Kingdom on July 31, 20175.0 out of 5 stars Buy this book if you want to understand concentration in the US meat market.
Fascinating book. Gives a really good impression of what it's like to be a farmer under the thumb of a big meat producer. My only - very minor - criticism is that it slightly overplays the role of the producer and underplays that of the consumer with her demand for cheap meat. Nonetheless it is a great resource for anyone interested in the US meat market and well worth a read. It's also brilliantly written.
One person found this helpfulReport
Catherine KwiatkoskiReviewed in Canada on October 20, 20225.0 out of 5 stars Research from a friend
It was a get well gift. Out friend did:much research and was thrilled to get it.
Heather HeighesReviewed in Canada on May 30, 20155.0 out of 5 stars The reality of current day farming!
A must read for anyone interested in farming/the food chain. Most comprehensive, updated information I have seen in decades. This quality of information is hard to come by.
One person found this helpfulReport









