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The Three Mothers: How the Mothers of Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X, and James Baldwin Shaped a Nation Hardcover – February 2, 2021
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New York Times Bestseller
“This dynamic blend of biography and manifesto centers on Louise Little, Alberta King, and Berdis Baldwin . . . Tubbs’s book stands against the women’s erasure, a monument to their historical importance.”
―The New Yorker
"Tubbs' connection to these women is palpable on the page ― as both a mother and a scholar of the impact Black motherhood has had on America. Through Tubbs' writing, Berdis, Alberta, and Louise's stories sing. Theirs is a history forgotten that begs to be told, and Tubbs tells it brilliantly."
― Ibram X. Kendi, #1 New York Times bestselling author of How to Be an Antiracist and National Book Award winner Stamped from the Beginning
Much has been written about Berdis Baldwin's son James, about Alberta King's son Martin Luther, and Louise Little's son Malcolm. But virtually nothing has been said about the extraordinary women who raised them. In her groundbreaking and essential debut The Three Mothers, scholar Anna Malaika Tubbs celebrates Black motherhood by telling the story of the three women who raised and shaped some of America's most pivotal heroes.
A New York Times Bestsellers Editors' Choice
An Amazon Editor's Pick for February
Amazon's Best Biographies and Memoirs of 2021
One of theSkimm's "16 Essential Books to Read This Black History Month"
One of Fortune Magazine's "21 Books to Look Forward to in 2021!"
One of Badass Women's Bookclub picks for "Badass Books We Can’t Wait to Read in 2021!"
One of Working Mother Magazine's "21 Best Books of 2021 for Working Moms"
One of Ms. Magazine's "Most Anticipated Reads for the Rest of Us 2021"
One of Bustle's "11 Nonfiction Books To Read For Black History Month ― All Written By Women"
One of SheReads.com's "Most anticipated nonfiction books of 2021"
Berdis Baldwin, Alberta King, and Louise Little were all born at the beginning of the 20th century and forced to contend with the prejudices of Jim Crow as Black women. These three extraordinary women passed their knowledge to their children with the hope of helping them to survive in a society that would deny their humanity from the very beginning―from Louise teaching her children about their activist roots, to Berdis encouraging James to express himself through writing, to Alberta basing all of her lessons in faith and social justice. These women used their strength and motherhood to push their children toward greatness, all with a conviction that every human being deserves dignity and respect despite the rampant discrimination they faced.
These three mothers taught resistance and a fundamental belief in the worth of Black people to their sons, even when these beliefs flew in the face of America’s racist practices and led to ramifications for all three families’ safety. The fight for equal justice and dignity came above all else for the three mothers.
These women, their similarities and differences, as individuals and as mothers, represent a piece of history left untold and a celebration of Black motherhood long overdue.
- Print length272 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherFlatiron Books
- Publication dateFebruary 2, 2021
- Dimensions6.24 x 1.1 x 9.07 inches
- ISBN-10125075612X
- ISBN-13978-1250756121
Book recommendations, author interviews, editors' picks, and more. Read it now.
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From the Publisher
Editorial Reviews
Amazon.com Review
Review
NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER
A New York Times Bestsellers Editors' Choice
NPR Books We Love 2021
Business Insider's "23 Best History Books Written by Women"
One of the Skimm's "16 Essential Books to Read This Black History Month"
One of Fortune Magazine's "21 Books to Look Forward to in 2021!"
One of Badass Women's Bookclub picks for "Badass Books We Can’t Wait to Read in 2021!"
One of Working Mother Magazine's "21 Best Books of 2021 for Working Moms"
One of Ms. Magazine's "Most Anticipated Reads for the Rest of Us 2021"
One of Bustle's "11 Nonfiction Books To Read For Black History Month ― All Written By Women"
One of SheReads.com's "Most anticipated nonfiction books of 2021"
"This dynamic blend of biography and manifesto centers on Louise Little, Alberta King, and Berdis Baldwin―the mothers of, respectively, Malcolm X, Martin Luther King, Jr., and James Baldwin―women whose legacies, as Tubbs notes, have been overlooked. Using them as a window into the varieties of Black American experience.... Tubbs’s book stands against the women’s erasure, a monument to their historical importance. As Malcolm X put it, 'All our achievements are mom’s.'" ―The New Yorker's "Briefly Noted" column
"This ambitious book reframes African American history, supplying the female Black experience as a much-needed perspective." ―The Washington Post
"Tubbs’s portrait is an intimate narrative that aims to link not only Little, King and Baldwin, but all Black mothers... the intersections she highlights are beautiful." ―The New York Times Book Review
"An engrossing triple biography of Alberta King, mother of Martin Luther King Jr.; Louise Little, mother of Malcom X; and Berdis Baldwin, mother of James Baldwin... Tubbs skillfully draws parallels between each woman’s story, and vividly captures the early years of the civil rights movement. This immersive history gives credit where it’s long overdue."―Publishers Weekly
"Tubbs does a masterful job of interweaving the facts of these women’s lives into the evolving social and political histories of civil rights, including accounts of the horrific injustices suffered by women of color."―Booklist (starred review)
"Tubbs's connection to these women is palpable on the page ― as both a mother and a scholar of the impact Black motherhood has had on America. Through Tubbs's writing, Berdis, Alberta, and Louise's stories sing. Theirs is a history forgotten that begs to be told, and Tubbs tells it brilliantly."
―Ibram X. Kendi, #1 New York Times bestselling author of How to Be an Antiracist and National Book Award winner Stamped from the Beginning
"The Three Mothers is a fascinating exploration into the lives of three women ignored by history after raising sons who helped shape a movement. By tracing the intellectual, political, and emotional strands of each woman’s life, Anna Malaika Tubbs uncovers hidden complexities within black motherhood that illuminate our understanding of the past while also shedding light on the overlooked contributions of black women today. An eye-opening, engrossing read!"
―Brit Bennett, New York Times bestselling author of The Vanishing Half and The Mothers
"The Three Mothers tells a captivating story of women traumatized by the nation they and their sons would ultimately help transform.... There’s no doubt that [it] will be at the forefront of that changing conversation about Black womanhood."--Destiny Birdsong, BookPage
"Anna Malaika Tubbs does what Black women do best: hold up the light in darkness, calling us all to do our work. The light Alberta, Louise and Berdis deserve is finally shining on them, not only as mothers, but as women whose lives and examples can stir up the gift in all of us. When we tell the stories of Black women with the sharp truth and clarity Anna has, we can better honor the past and find guidance for the struggles of today. Anna is a powerful storyteller, and we should all be grateful she chose to tell this story.”
―Brittany Packnett Cunningham, co-host of Pod Save the People and co-founder of Campaign Zero
"In excavating the life stories of the mothers who reared three of the most central figures in the struggle for civil rights, Anna Malaika Tubbs provides a profound reflection on the contours of Black freedom in the twentieth century and beyond. The Three Mothers is an essential celebration of Black women, one that illuminates the history of racism and resistance in critical new ways. A timely and important book."
― Elizabeth Hinton, author of From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime
"Anna Malaika Tubbs’ magnificent debut The Three Mothers is an intimate explication of motherhood as the shoulders upon which children stand. Yes, it is a biographical sketch of the Black women who erected strong foundations for their would-be famous sons while going largely un-recognized themselves, but it's also a love letter to these three particular Black women; a scholarly rejection of the trope of Black woman as conquered victim; and a literary declaration that Black women know best how to survive in this broken world while actively mending it for everyone."
―Julie Lythcott-Haims, New York Times bestselling author of How to Raise an Adult and Real American
"Tubbs debuts with an engrossing triple biography of Alberta King, mother of Martin Luther King Jr.; Louise Little, mother of Malcom X; and Berdis Baldwin, mother of James Baldwin.... Tubbs skillfully draws parallels between each woman’s story, and vividly captures the early years of the civil rights movement. This immersive history gives credit where it’s long overdue."
―Publishers Weekly
"an intimate narrative that aims to link not only Little, King, and Baldwin, but all Black mothers."―
New York Times Book Review
"This ambitious book reframes African American history, supplying the female Black experience as a much-needed perspective." ―The Washington Post
"a great examination of a rarely-told triple story you'll love." ―The Miami Times
About the Author
Product details
- Publisher : Flatiron Books
- Publication date : February 2, 2021
- Edition : Later prt.
- Language : English
- Print length : 272 pages
- ISBN-10 : 125075612X
- ISBN-13 : 978-1250756121
- Item Weight : 15.2 ounces
- Dimensions : 6.24 x 1.1 x 9.07 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #760,770 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #119 in Black & African American Biographies
- #185 in Motherhood (Books)
- #758 in Women's Biographies
- Customer Reviews:
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About the author

Anna Malaika Tubbs is a New York Times bestselling author and multidisciplinary expert on current and historical understandings of race, gender, and equity. With a Ph.D. in Sociology and a Masters in Multidisciplinary Gender Studies from the University of Cambridge in addition to a Bachelors in Medical Anthropology from Stanford University, Anna translates her academic knowledge into stories that are clear and engaging. Her articles have been published by TIME Magazine, New York Magazine, CNN, Motherly, the Huffington Post, For Harriet, The Guardian, Darling Magazine, and Blavity. Anna’s storytelling also takes form in her talks, including her TED Talk that has been viewed 2 million times, as well as the scripted and unscripted screen projects she has in development. She lives in Los Angeles with her husband and their three kids.
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Customers find this book to be a must-read, praising its deep dives into research and perspective. Moreover, they appreciate the interesting narratives and historical lessons, with one customer noting how it forces readers to engage with history. Additionally, the writing style receives positive feedback, with one customer highlighting how the author beautifully dictates these women's truths. Customers also value the book's portrayal of the mothers' strength, with one review specifically mentioning their unyielding determination against all odds.
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Customers find the book highly readable, with several describing it as an amazing read and a must-read for all. One customer mentions it was eye-opening to read, while another notes it is particularly relevant for women today.
"Great book, but before you read, It's important to note that this book contains a lot of graphic descriptions, heavy religious talk, and..." Read more
"Excellent book. The author beautifully weaves together the unknown stories of these powerful Black women" Read more
"Amazing book." Read more
"This is an outstanding book. The author knows her material and was very thoughtful in how she presented it...." Read more
Customers find the book enlightening and inspirational, praising its deep dives into research and perspective.
"...Despite its flaws this book was inspiring and moving. Overall an important read, and one I would recommend." Read more
"I couldn't put it down!!!! Very enlightening, I never read this aspect of black history. Wow!!!!..." Read more
"...This book is the product of deep, original research combing archives and interviewing living relatives by the author in order to bring the stories..." Read more
"...This was very informative and educational. I absolutely loved hearing the stories of their ‘famous’ sons...." Read more
Customers appreciate the storytelling in the book, describing it as an interesting history lesson about three remarkable women.
"...able to find enough history on each family to record roots, interesting narratives, birth dates and places for our heroines...." Read more
"...The sacrifices they gave to raise their children. They endured so many issues and heartaches that no one person could imagine going through...." Read more
"...It reveals three fascinating and unique women. It is a well written and compelling book, and I learned a lot from it...." Read more
"...the time to gather all these historical facts to give an awesome insight of these mothers in ways we may have never heard about." Read more
Customers appreciate the writing style of the book, describing it as well-written, with one customer noting how the author beautifully dictates the women's truths.
"...It reveals three fascinating and unique women. It is a well written and compelling book, and I learned a lot from it...." Read more
"...in, hears the voices, understands what is really being said, sees what has been written...." Read more
"This is an outstanding book. The author knows her material and was very thoughtful in how she presented it...." Read more
"I really enjoyed this book. Although it was hard to read certain parts when these women were mistreated mainly just for being black was heartbreaking..." Read more
Customers appreciate the strength of the three mothers portrayed in the book, with one customer noting their unyielding determination against all odds.
"...The extreme strength to push on and raise men who fought for civil rights and were a large part as well as leading the movement...." Read more
"...The Three Mother’s were absolutely strong and unyielding against all odds. This is the black history that should be taught to all children." Read more
"...The mothers life story were different, challenging and courageous — so unpredictable...." Read more
"Three mothers were very strong! Can't we all just get along!!!..." Read more
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Top reviews from the United States
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- Reviewed in the United States on March 16, 2023Anna Malaika Gibbs' book, "The Three Mothers: How the mother's of Martin Luther King,Jr., Malcolm X, and James Baldwin shaped a Nation was a huge undertaking. First of all black people's histories and origins are not easily found as they are often not recorded, names are left out, changed, some ancestors never existed in a written record. Yet Ms. Gibbs was able to find enough history on each family to record roots, interesting narratives, birth dates and places for our heroines.
She digs deep into each woman's family, personal life, struggles, and greatest successes. She tells the stories of three men, influential both to their communities and the Nation called The United States of America. All three men were known internationally.
Ms. Gibbs writes these stories in context of slavery, reconstruction, Jim Crow, segregationalism, the race riots, marches, peaceful demonstrations, present day political climate and the re-emergence of white supremacy.
Yet, this is the story of three black women, daughters, mothers each, and grandmothers. So their stories must go even deeper, peeling back layers of maltreatment, centuries of myths about black women, and the struggles in life only black and Indigenous women face daily.
Although the book may seem redundant in some ways, perhaps that is required, written to make sure the reader really takes it in, hears the voices, understands what is really being said, sees what has been written. In all, I think this volume is an excellent introduction to the corpus of material. There is so much yet wanting to be written, read, discussed. There is a whole new world to build, starting with Anna Malaika Gibbs next book! I hope she writes it.
- Reviewed in the United States on April 1, 2023I originally read this because it was listed as a book to read for kindle challenge, and it seem the most interested out og the books.... I really enjoyed learned about the women's that made Martin Luther King Jr, Malcolm X, and James Baldwin, and how they were raised.... I was shocked when I read about Aunt Jemima, didn't realize that had anything to do with race, I always thought it was produced by a black family, I couldn't believe the story behind that.... Hearing the way they were treated just because of the color of their skin, saddens me.... I loved how Martin's family always tried to stand up, and teach right and wrong, I felt like he was raised right, and I never knew that's how his mom dies, or his brother, that was just heartbreaking, I felt for the father, and the daughter, I can't imagine the tragic they went threw.... It makes me appreciate them so much more because they fought for the freedom we have now.... Malcolm X, if I'm being honest, I would of ended up on Malcolm X side, I would of been an aggressive as he was, handle things the same way he did to get my point across.... It would of been awesome to see Martin and Malcolm in the same took together, that would of been powerful.... What the system did to his mother was horrible, the struggles he went threw.... His my favorite story out of these three.... I didn't know that last names were giving my the owners of the slaves, that is horrible to think that these days, some people might even still have a last name that was giving to one of their ancestors by a racist person that had them as a slave.... James Boldwin mother encouraged him to show awareness in his writing, in his plays about racism, and I felt the struggles he went threw to make his dreams come true, and how his mom loved him for who he was....
- Reviewed in the United States on October 30, 2023As stated, this is a good book, and the research was tremendous. Gives us a look into the lives of three great women who history does not speak enough of. I am so glad I read this.
- Reviewed in the United States on September 28, 2021I came across this book when I saw the author Brit Bennett recommending it on Today Show for the Women’s History Month. In the book, Tubbs tells us about Alberta King, Louise Little, and Berdis Baldwin - “the women before the men” - describing their successful work and their impact on their children, raising leaders of the civil rights movement in America.
Each of these women came from different economic backgrounds, faced social and economic challenges and a wide range of adversities to raise their children in a culture that brutalized and murdered, and keep doing so, African Americans. While describing these women’s lives, the author portrays the pain of black motherhood. Focusing this book on black women, more specifically on black mothers, Anna Malaika Tubbs discusses not only the lives of the mothers who gave us some of the most inspirational leaders of our time but also shows us how black mothers are treated due to structural racism in a white male culture. How many other black mothers, as the ones described in this book, lost their sons due to racism?
The Three Mothers is a homage to black motherhood. It reveals three fascinating and unique women. It is a well written and compelling book, and I learned a lot from it. If you are interested in Black Women history or the history of the Civil Rights Movement I believe this book is for you. I highly recommend it.
I came across this book when I saw the author Brit Bennett recommending it on Today Show for the Women’s History Month. In the book, Tubbs tells us about Alberta King, Louise Little, and Berdis Baldwin - “the women before the men” - describing their successful work and their impact on their children, raising leaders of the civil rights movement in America.
Each of these women came from different economic backgrounds, faced social and economic challenges and a wide range of adversities to raise their children in a culture that brutalized and murdered, and keep doing so, African Americans. While describing these women’s lives, the author portrays the pain of black motherhood. Focusing this book on black women, more specifically on black mothers, Anna Malaika Tubbs discusses not only the lives of the mothers who gave us some of the most inspirational leaders of our time but also shows us how black mothers are treated due to structural racism in a white male culture. How many other black mothers, as the ones described in this book, lost their sons due to racism?
The Three Mothers is a homage to black motherhood. It reveals three fascinating and unique women. It is a well written and compelling book, and I learned a lot from it. If you are interested in Black Women history or the history of the Civil Rights Movement I believe this book is for you. I highly recommend it.
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- Reviewed in the United States on April 1, 2023The Three Mothers. I was floored after reading this book. I learned so much from this book. These three women, Alberta, Berdis, and Louise gave this world some of the most important powerful sons black women can imagine. These women's lives need to be shared with the world. The sacrifices they gave to raise their children. They endured so many issues and heartaches that no one person could imagine going through. This book and many other books need to be shared among all black women to understand all the trials black women have gone through and still suffer through just trying to be accepted as important in this world. We have a voice and we need to use it but we must learn from the past women who set the stage for us to make the statement that we are important and needed in this world. A must read!!!!!!
Top reviews from other countries
NkoloiReviewed in Japan on March 21, 20215.0 out of 5 stars Reading this book is like opening up a whole new world of enlightenment. Power in knowledge.
Still haven't finished this read. will certainly do. can't wait.
From what I hearts that its a compelling read.
Catherine M. VallisReviewed in Canada on September 3, 20215.0 out of 5 stars Superbly written.
Educational, emotive, singularly the best book I’ve read about the suppression of the black woman in America. Many thanks to the author for such a thorough explanation of the difficulties that black families have been subjected to. Everyone should read this book.
WendyReviewed in the United Kingdom on June 16, 20245.0 out of 5 stars Great book
Well written and gave a powerful insight into the women whose sons went on to greatness
Ashish KumarReviewed in India on June 16, 20224.0 out of 5 stars Enthralling
Scholar Anna Malaika Tubbs celebrates Black motherhood by telling the story of the three women who raised and shaped some of America's most pivotal heroes: Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X, and James Baldwin.
We have read about Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X and James Baldwin but through Three Mothers you can easily understand the oppression of Black people happening in the society.
This book is a document through which it is known how much and what a black mother would think before giving birth to her child in a inextricable society. How many problems does a city like America have for black transgenders?
Berdis, Alberta, and Louise passed their knowledge to their children and grandchildren with the hope of helping them to survive in a society.
Important book…
Scholar Anna Malaika Tubbs celebrates Black motherhood by telling the story of the three women who raised and shaped some of America's most pivotal heroes: Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X, and James Baldwin.4.0 out of 5 stars
Ashish KumarEnthralling
Reviewed in India on June 16, 2022
We have read about Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X and James Baldwin but through Three Mothers you can easily understand the oppression of Black people happening in the society.
This book is a document through which it is known how much and what a black mother would think before giving birth to her child in a inextricable society. How many problems does a city like America have for black transgenders?
Berdis, Alberta, and Louise passed their knowledge to their children and grandchildren with the hope of helping them to survive in a society.
Important book…
Images in this review
SarinaReviewed in the United Kingdom on April 19, 20225.0 out of 5 stars Important read
Fascinating account of the mothers of three of the most important fighters for racial and social justice in the USA. Also full of a lot of necessary historical context. It's not an easy read, as the subject matter is very hard in places, but it's an important read. Would definitely recommend this.











