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Transcendent Unity of Religions (Quest Book) Paperback – January 1, 1984
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- Print length207 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherQuest Books
- Publication dateJanuary 1, 1984
- Dimensions5.26 x 0.53 x 8.25 inches
- ISBN-100835605876
- ISBN-13978-0835605878
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About the Author
Frithjof Schuon, also known as ʿĪsā Nūr ad-Dīn ʾAḥmad after his conversion to Islam, was an author of German ancestry born in Basel, Switzerland.
Author of Beyond the Postmodern Mind.
Product details
- Publisher : Quest Books (January 1, 1984)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 207 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0835605876
- ISBN-13 : 978-0835605878
- Item Weight : 9.6 ounces
- Dimensions : 5.26 x 0.53 x 8.25 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #439,301 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #454 in Comparative Religion (Books)
- #856 in Religious Philosophy (Books)
- #971 in Spiritualism
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

Born in Basle, Switzerland in 1907, Frithjof Schuon was the twentieth century's pre-eminent spokesman for the perennialist school of comparative religious thought.
The leitmotif of Schuon's work was foreshadowed in an encounter during his youth with a marabout who had accompanied some members of his Senegalese village to Basle for the purpose of demonstrating their African culture. When Schuon talked with him, the venerable old man drew a circle with radii on the ground and explained: "God is the center; all paths lead to Him." Until his later years Schuon traveled widely, from India and the Middle East to America, experiencing traditional cultures and establishing lifelong friendships with Hindu, Buddhist, Christian, Muslim, and American Indian spiritual leaders.
A philosopher in the tradition of Plato, Shankara, and Eckhart, Schuon was a gifted artist and poet as well as the author of over twenty books on religion, metaphysics, sacred art, and the spiritual path. Describing his first book, The Transcendent Unity of Religions, T. S. Eliot wrote, "I have met with no more impressive work in the comparative study of Oriental and Occidental religion", and world-renowned religion scholar Huston Smith said of Schuon, "The man is a living wonder; intellectually apropos religion, equally in depth and breadth, the paragon of our time". Schuon's books have been translated into over a dozen languages and are respected by academic and religious authorities alike.
More than a scholar and writer, Schuon was a spiritual guide for seekers from a wide variety of religions and backgrounds throughout the world. He died in 1998.
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Schuon adeptly resolves basic objections many modern people have with religion. For example, if God is omnipotent and good, then why is there evil? Moreover, if each religion claims to be the true and only true religion, then who is right? Whose claims in war and rite are legitimate? To this end, he delivers concise metaphysical explanations that touch even on the concept of revelation and prophecy according to the limitations and the tendencies of those peoples who receive them.
The reality of esoteric spirituality itself tends to be mysterious to moderns; and while Schuon does not go as far as to explain these systems individually (Hermeticism, Gnosticism, Buddhism, Tantrism, Taoism, etc.) he nonetheless makes clear some very important truths. Esotericism is available only to those with certain inner qualifications made unto them by God -- it's an essentially initiatory or revelatory modality of knowledge of the divine. He does an excellent job contrasting exotericism -- that is, religion -- and esotericism, and bringing light upon the constant battle between the two that has been and is still being waged.
The initiate may understand the priest, but the priest will never understand the initiate on account of his limitations. As Schuon states, the intuited and essentially "secret" character of esotericism, which in its essence is ineffable, almost destines it to be under attack by those who do not or cannot understand. This can account for every tragic historical attempt to drive out "heresy," "witchcraft," and so forth, which constitute really a "sin against the Holy Ghost," or an attack on one's very God-given path to God.
Frithjof's writing style is characteristically clear and structured; in contrast to other Traditionalist writers like Evola and Guenon (to some extent) I find his works to be pretty easy to read in general, although that does come at a cost: Schuon tends to stray away from explications of a symbolic and interior nature in favor of a more contemplative style, much like Guenon. This is most amenable to a wide audience but leaves the work pretty dry and without the inner exactitude a symbolic explanation might give a la Evola.
In any case, this is likely the best introduction to Traditionalism that exists. Guenon and Evola are challenging since they assume the reader already knows quite a lot, but Schuon's writings almost seem to be from the point of view of a patient teacher, willing to start from the beginning and guide you through the material. I highly recommend this book.
Schuon's thesis is that while the great religions of the world appear to be contradictory on the surface level (the 'exoteric'), when considered according to the inner reality of the spiritual strivings they embody (the 'esoteric' dimension) they present a unity. This kind of reasoning is often put forward on a superficial level to say that 'all religions lead to God', but he has a far more profound awareness of the issues involved. A simplistic pluralism of that kind misses the point, because it is only through following a religious tradition all the way to its inner depth that one reaches the 'transcendent unity' that Schuon is speaking about. And he is not averse to making judgments between true and false religions, arguing that it is only 'orthodox' religions that provide this path, orthodox meaning that they are based on genuine spiritual realities in their fulness rather than a limited form that leads people astray. Essentially he provides a different perspective on the problem of particularity and universality with regards to religion. The large number of religions is often used to argue for their falsity, but Schuon would say that we only approach God through symbols which are appropriate to our time and place, and that there is a unified reality behind these various manifestations. So the most particular religion is also the most universal. In terms of providing worked examples, he is concerned mostly to discuss the inter-relationship between Christianity and Islam and between Western and Eastern religions, and he has a profound knowledge of the depths of these traditions.
I have some reservations about this book, however. The first is that I think he falls into an overly schematic approach, allowing the labels of different religions to to guide his writing too much. Rather than comparing 'Christianity' and 'Islam', it might be better for his purposes to compare their spiritual paths rather than their historical manifestation. This would allow for a bit more flexibility in his scheme to include discussion of the multitude of minor religions as well. I think that doing this, however, would uncover that not all esotericisms are the same, and that even at a transcendent level there may be different destinations on the spiritual paths that we walk. I also think that a book like this has a paradoxical danger of providing an illusion of knowledge for people who have not attained to a true esoteric level, and can lead to the situation where talking about a facile religious unity is put in the place of achieving it.
A description of this book can't give an indication of the depths of its argument and the unique perspective that Schuon gives. I think a true believer would go back from this more committed to their faith than they were before, if they were willing to understand the depths of that faith.
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シュオンによれば、理性に基づく哲学は、いわば円の外周から中心に向かう運動である。それに対して、神智(Gnosis or Buddhi)に基づく形而上学(Metaphysic)は、中心から外周へ向かう運動である。信仰に基づく神学は、両者の中間にある。つまり、神学(信仰)は理性を超えているが、なお究極の真理に達していない。教義(Dogma)は、信者を誤謬から守るが、それ自体としては真理に達することがない。真理に達するためには、教義という言語的構築物という外殻を打ち破り、無限なる内奥に至りつく必要がある(Meister Eckhart)。
しかし、にもかかわらず、形式(Form)は必要である。なぜなら、生きている限り人間はいまだ、名色(nama-rupa言語と形態)の世界に住まうからだ。有限の存在である人間にとっては、不可視の真理は可視的な形式によって表されざるをえない。それが、この世界に様々な宗教が存在する理由である。
諸宗教の違いを超えて、生きながらに究極的真理に達した人間は、形態の中に無形態(有限の中に無限)を、無形態の中に形態(無限の中に有限)を見る(色即是空、空即是色。Form is formless, formless is form.)スーフィズム(イスラーム神秘主義)においては、この状態の人間を「双眼の士」と呼ぶ。
こうしたシュオンの宗教的脱構築(Religious deconstraction)は、宗教が戦争と不和の象徴だった時代から、宗教こそが対話と平和的共存を示す時代への変化を先取りしている。








