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The Unbanking of America: How the New Middle Class Survives Kindle Edition
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What do an undocumented immigrant in the South Bronx, a high-net-worth entrepreneur, and a twentysomething graduate student have in common? All three are victims of our dysfunctional mainstream bank and credit system. Nearly half of all Americans live from paycheck to paycheck, and income volatility has doubled over the past thirty years. Banks, with their high monthly fees and overdraft charges, are gouging their lower- and middle-income customers while serving only the wealthiest Americans.
Lisa Servon delivers a stunning indictment of America’s banks, together with eye-opening dispatches from inside a range of banking alternatives that have sprung up to fill the void. She works as a teller at RiteCheck, a check-cashing business in the South Bronx, and as a payday lender in Oakland. She looks closely at the workings of a tanda, an informal lending club. And she delivers engaging, hopeful portraits of the entrepreneurs reacting to the unbanking of America by designing systems to creatively serve those outside the one percent.
“Valuable evidence on the fragility of the personal economies of most Americans these days.”—Kirkus Reviews
“An intelligent plea for financial justice…[An] excellent book.”—The Christian Science Monitor
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherMariner Books
- Publication dateJanuary 10, 2017
- File size2757 KB
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Review
“Lisa Servon is one gutsy professor. Unlike so many academics – who just theorize – she lived her story. She actually rolled up her sleeves and worked as a teller and a loan collector in several poor neighborhoods. She also provides a smart, lucid, and original take on how our banking system became such a mess. This is an important book.”—Jake Halpern, author of Bad Paper: Inside the Secret World of Debt Collectors
“In her eye-opening book, Lisa Servon does a Barbara Ehrenreich and goes to work at a check-cashing shop and a payday lending store to illuminate how this little-understood side of the financial service world works. Servon shows keen insights into the financial problems that millions of Americans face, how and why banks and other financial institutions often fail them, and what’s on the horizon for financial services for the new middle class.” —Steven Greenhouse, long-time journalist and author of The Big Squeeze: Tough Times for the American Worker
“A startling ethnographic investigation of everyday financial life, based on Lisa Servon's work as a teller, lender, and loan collector in some of America's most insecure communities, and extensive research on banking among the middle class. The Unbanking of America muddies the distinctions between reputed and stigmatized financial institutions, showing that we're all overpaying for low levels of service. It's an important story, and a powerful read.” —Eric Klinenberg, Professor of Sociology and Director of the Institute for Public Knowledge at New York University
"The failure of banks to meet the needs of the 99%—and the cottage industries filling the gap—are thoughtfully explored in this startling and absorbing exposé ... Required reading for fans of muckraking authors like Barbara Ehrenreich, this fascinating look at the future of money management insists that the ever-growing number of the 'unbanked' are a sector deserving of respect and solid options." —Publishers Weekly, starred review
"The author delivers valuable evidence on the fragility of the personal economies of most Americans these days . . . An indictment of a financial structure bent on large returns at the expense of all else, but also offers hope for ways around that ravenous system."
—Kirkus Reviews
"An intelligent plea for financial justice . . . [An] excellent book . . . Servon’s compassion and intelligence light up every page of this valuable book. 'Unbanking' exposes core reasons why many Americans aren’t gaining financial traction as she skewers huge banks for maneuvers and manipulations that have little to do with providing service."
—Christian Science Monitor
"[An} exceptional piece of academic research that not only masters the statistics and the implications of an important social problem, but informs that cool account with frontline observations in the great tradition of Barbara Ehrenreich . . Unlike too many other commentators, Servon does not let mainstream banks off the hook in her rigorous analysis of the dynamics of lower- and middle-class debt . . . A readable, informative, thorough, and even gut-wrenching account of an under-reported problem that causes much misery. Viewed as a piece of muckraking journalism, her book is a significant contribution to the progressive narrative regarding the biggest problems we confront."
—The American Prospect
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Product details
- ASIN : B01912OYO0
- Publisher : Mariner Books; Reprint edition (January 10, 2017)
- Publication date : January 10, 2017
- Language : English
- File size : 2757 KB
- Text-to-Speech : Enabled
- Screen Reader : Supported
- Enhanced typesetting : Enabled
- X-Ray : Enabled
- Word Wise : Enabled
- Sticky notes : On Kindle Scribe
- Print length : 277 pages
- Best Sellers Rank: #678,129 in Kindle Store (See Top 100 in Kindle Store)
- #72 in Financial Services
- #179 in Banks & Banking (Kindle Store)
- #189 in Financial Services Industry
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Customers find the book worth reading, with eye-opening first-party accounts. They also describe it as interesting and a good read.
"...Still worth a read." Read more
"...Despite these shortcomings, the book is still an interesting account of the plight of the unbankable poor in NYC." Read more
"...This book is well worth reading for anyone interested in income inequality, how low and moderate income Americans live and use financial services or..." Read more
"I L❤️VE this book! It is a read that is honest and you can tell the author has a pure heart and wants to help people!" Read more
Customers find the book insightful, concise, and compelling. They also say it shows the creative ways people bank and provides good recommendations.
"...news" recently, so it's refreshing to have proof for such a persuasive and eye opening book...." Read more
"I found Servon's book a concise and compelling story of how the ways the poor manage their finances when banks are increasingly uninterested in..." Read more
"The author provides an interesting perspective based on her first-hand experience with check cashing, payday loan, and community savings clubs...." Read more
"This book is factual, not whine-y, and non-judgmental. It shows the creative ways people bank (and what it costs them in time and effort)...." Read more
Customers find the writing style well written, honest, and on point. They also say the author has a pure heart and wants to help people.
"...It is a read that is honest and you can tell the author has a pure heart and wants to help people!" Read more
"...It is eye opening, well written, and provides some good recommendations." Read more
"This book is well written and on point. It really explains how people are often sucked into poverty." Read more
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P.S.: It was hard to put down. I read it in 2 days. I flipped through the notes and bibliography at the end hoping for more to read, like at the end of the Marvel movies, but there was no funny comment or teaser for the sequel :(
All good things must end, I suppose
Author Lisa Servon, a university professor, has dedicated a large part of her life to this book, exploring “unbanked” America from every possible aspect: the data (which she found inadequate), the literature (often straight from the author, such as Sudhir Venkatesh of Freakonomics fame), the history of the relevant regulation (again, under the guidance of experts), a survey of fintech initiatives (straight from the founders) and, most significantly, the people: the unbanked themselves.
For this last bit, nothing less than proper fieldwork would do. The author got two separate full-time jobs serving underbanked Americans and volunteered for a third one: as a teller behind the bulletproof counter at a Brooklyn branch of Rite Check, as a payday loan officer in Oakland with Check Center and as a helpline operator from her mobile phone for the Predatory Loan Help Hotline of the Virginia Poverty Law Center. Even her research assistant was enlisted, as a saver with a tanda in South Bronx (an unofficial Rotating Savings and Credit Association).
My interpretation of her findings is that not only have the banks moved away from America’s middle class, but the definition of what it is to be a middle class American has shifted as well.
So, on one hand the banks’ business model toward serving the less affluent population’s banking needs has been repurposed to work through (often hidden or, even worse, unfairly calculated) fees for overdrafts. And following Bill Clinton’s (he’s never mentioned by name) 1994 repeal of interstate banking restrictions, a large wave of mergers has swallowed most of the small banks that used to serve neighborhoods, to the point that the author now believes that cash checking services, which advertise their fees as clearly as a fast-food shop, rather than bury them in fifty page agreements, offer a better deal to the masses.
Moreover, regulation on lending, especially in the shape of the, generally speaking, well-intended, 2009 CARD act, has made it unprofitable for banks to lend to the less affluent, with the result that banks have totally abandoned this segment of the market.
But there is a more sinister side to this, and it’s that an enormous proportion of the US population is less financially stable than its parents’ generation. Special emphasis (a whole chapter) is given to the “millennials” and the book avoids strident claims, but the point is driven home through a barrage of facts, statistics and personal testimonies that almost a hundred million Americans are merely “making do” and are unable to live with the uncertainty inherent in waiting for a check to be cashed by their mainstream bank, for instance.
This is not a story of despair however. The author explores alternative banking arrangements such as Rotating Savings Corporations and Associations, visits with private pioneers in providing financial services to the “precariat” and offers a series of proposals for government programs, including for example a return to a basic account the Post Office used to offer to savers until 1967.
So the book left me optimistic about the future of the unbanked; or rather, it left me optimistic that their banking needs will soon no longer feature among their higher sources of stress.
One issue at a time!
Top reviews from other countries
According to Lisa Servon, a professor of city and regional planning at the University of Pennsylvania, "more than one million people with low incomes have been deemed ineligible for bank accounts" by the credit scoring system. For this and other reasons, about 8% of Americans unbanked, and another 20% underbanked. So where do they go? Where do they cash their paychecks, get loans, or transfer money? According to Servon, they use payday loan services, check cashing companies, and informal networks within their neighbourhoods - options that seem expensive - even foolish - to those who use regular banking services (which are also far more expensive than in years past), but they do so both out of necessity and because those alternative systems serve their needs well.
The Unbanking of America begins by tracing the divergent interests of the banking system and America's dwindling middle class. While banks strove for wealthier clients and higher margin business, a changing economy left a growing number of people with less stable or predictable income. For the banks, weeding out less profitable customers via the aforementioned ChexSystems credit scoring system proved to be a match made in capitalist heaven. It's hard not to see the systemic complicity as people become unbanked, but Servon provides just the facts along with explanations and context. Readers are left to draw their own conclusions about political implications; those on the right may applaud banks' business acumen and drive for profits, while those on the left may see it as a failure of markets.
Some explanation and context about the issue can be gleaned from magazine articles or academic journals, but it is the following chapters - the core of the book - where Servon really shines. She recounts in an easy-flowing, almost chatty style, her immersive experience working at several alternative financial service providers. Servon neither works 'under cover' nor shies away from on the record interviews of the companies' leaders and employees. The result is an objective and sympathetic portrayal of both the companies and their clients - a surprising and thought-provoking perspective that presents this segment of the financial services industry quite differently from the prevailing media and political characterizations, where companies are predatory and their clients irrational. Rather it is the banks that implicitly come across as predatory, essentially exiling a large swath of the population to a higher cost, but welcoming and service oriented alternative.
The Unbanking of America has much in common with another recent publication, JD Vance's Hillbilly Elegy: A Memoir of a Family and Culture in Crisis , in that both are first person narratives about cultures and systems that are foreign to most. In both books, the insider's viewpoint and warm style gives so much more insight than any statistically driven narrative could. Highly recommended; a short, quick read that provides valuable perspective. One publishing note: in my Kindle version the footnotes were not linked, and I needed to scroll manually back and forth to use them - a serious error in today's digital world. Not a reflection on the author's fine work, but nonetheless unfortunate.





