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WE HEREBY REFUSE: Japanese American Resistance to Wartime Incarceration Paperback – May 18, 2021
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“It leaves you simultaneously furious, questioning ideas of loyalty and citizenship … and deeply moved. May all of us learn, and share, these stories." ― Moira Macdonald, The Seattle Times
Three voices. Three acts of defiance. One mass injustice.
The story of camp as you’ve never seen it before. Japanese Americans complied when evicted from their homes in World War II -- but many refused to submit to imprisonment in American concentration camps without a fight.
In this groundbreaking graphic novel, meet JIM AKUTSU, the inspiration for John Okada’s No-No Boy, who refuses to be drafted from the camp at Minidoka when classified as a non-citizen, an enemy alien; HIROSHI KASHIWAGI, who resists government pressure to sign a loyalty oath at Tule Lake, but yields to family pressure to renounce his U.S. citizenship; and MITSUYE ENDO, a reluctant recruit to a lawsuit contesting her imprisonment, who refuses a chance to leave the camp at Topaz so that her case could reach the U.S. Supreme Court.
Based upon painstaking research, We Hereby Refuse presents an original vision of America’s past with disturbing links to the American present.
- Print length160 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherChin Music Press Inc.
- Publication dateMay 18, 2021
- Reading age13 - 17 years
- Dimensions6.75 x 0.5 x 10 inches
- ISBN-10163405976X
- ISBN-13978-1634059763
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Editorial Reviews
About the Author
Tamiko Nimura is an Asian American (Sansei/Pinay) writer living in Tacoma, Washington. Her training in literature and American ethnic studies (MA, PhD, University of Washington) prepared her to research, document, and tell the stories of people of color. She can be found at http://www.tamikonimura.net.
Ross Ishikawa is a cartoonist and animator living in Seattle. In addition to his work on We Hereby Refuse, he is working on a graphic novel about his parents and their coming of age during World War II. His work is online at rossishikawa.com.
Matt Sasaki is the artist on Fighting for America: Nisei Soldiers. He lives with his wife and an old dog north of Seattle. Samples of his other work are online at mattsasaki.com.
Product details
- Publisher : Chin Music Press Inc. (May 18, 2021)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 160 pages
- ISBN-10 : 163405976X
- ISBN-13 : 978-1634059763
- Reading age : 13 - 17 years
- Item Weight : 14.4 ounces
- Dimensions : 6.75 x 0.5 x 10 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #117,084 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- Customer Reviews:
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About the author

FRANK ABE is lead author of the graphic novel, "WE HEREBY REFUSE: Japanese American Resistance to Wartime Incarceration" (Chin Music Press, 2021), named a Finalist in Creative Nonfiction for the Washington State Book Award. He wrote, produced, and directed the award-winning PBS documentary, "Conscience and the Constitution," on the largest organized resistance to the camps.
He won an American Book Award as co-editor of "JOHN OKADA: The Life & Rediscovered Work of the Author of No-No Boy" (University of Washington Press, 2018), in which he authored the first-ever biography of Okada and traced the origins of his novel. He is currently co-editing "The Literature of Japanese American Incarceration" with Floyd Cheung for Penguin Classics, set for May 2024.
Abe helped produce the first-ever Day of Remembrance in Seattle in 1978 with Frank Chin and Lawson Inada, and together they invented a new Japanese American tradition to reclaim the history of wartime imprisonment and publicly dramatize the campaign for redress. He was an original member of Chin’s Asian American Theater Workshop in San Francisco and studied at the American Conservatory Theater.
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Rich in details and illustrations that bring the stories to life, We Hereby Refuse is a compelling must-read for anyone who wants a deeper understanding of this episode in American history, the personal cost of injustice, and the complex choices individuals make to fight against it.









