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When Can You Trust the Experts?: How to Tell Good Science from Bad in Education 1st Edition

4.6 4.6 out of 5 stars 91 ratings

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Clear, easy principles to spot what's nonsense and what's reliable

Each year, teachers, administrators, and parents face a barrage of new education software, games, workbooks, and professional development programs purporting to be "based on the latest research." While some of these products are rooted in solid science, the research behind many others is grossly exaggerated. This new book, written by a top thought leader, helps everyday teachers, administrators, and family members―who don't have years of statistics courses under their belts―separate the wheat from the chaff and determine which new educational approaches are scientifically supported and worth adopting.

  • Author's first book, Why Don't Students Like School?, catapulted him to superstar status in the field of education
  • Willingham's work has been hailed as "brilliant analysis" by The Wall Street Journal and "a triumph" by The Washington Post
  • Author blogs for The Washington Post and Brittanica.com, and writes a column for American Educator

In this insightful book, thought leader and bestselling author Dan Willingham offers an easy, reliable way to discern which programs are scientifically supported and which are the equivalent of "educational snake oil."

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Editorial Reviews

Review

"Parents increasingly come face-to-face with important educational decisions that they feel ill prepared to make. Whether they are choosing among schools, math programs or early interventions for a learning disability, this book will help them figure out which options are backed by the best science. (Recommended)"―Scientific American

"By my bedtable is Dan Willingham's new book, When Can You Trust the Experts?... This is help we all can use, from one of the most sensible guys around."―John Merrow, The Huffington Post

"A brilliant new book... Willingham presents a 'short cut' to assessing the value of a given idea―a set of four steps that will be useful to anyone sizing up an unfamiliar concept. I’ve read Willingham’s book and I recommend it highly!"―Annie Murphy Paul

From the Inside Flap

Along with some potentially worthy ideas, the last fifty years have encapsulated a flood of educational quackery and nostrums. The innovation and implementation continues, while teachers, administrators, and policymakers have a hard time separating the wheat from the chaff. What makes this so difficult for individuals in the American educational system? They're on their own. There is no research team to evaluate every new idea. But there is pressure to effect change through these innovations.

In When Can You Trust the Experts? Daniel Willingham offers a solution for those who must sift through the information overload and discern which of the latest educational models, programs, and approaches are worthy of their attention. Willingham provides a reliable shortcut comprising four steps. For each step he offers an explanation of why the principle works by referring back to the rules for what constitutes good science. Willingham's easy-to-apply process consists of:

  1. Strip it. Clear away the verbiage and look at the actual claim. What exactly is the claim suggesting a teacher should do, and what outcome is promised?

    • Trace it. Who created this idea, and what have others said about it? It's common to believe something because an authority confirms it, and this is often a reasonable thing to do. In education research, however, this can be a weak indicator of truth.

      • Analyze it. Why are you being asked to believe the claim is true? What evidence is offered, and how does the claim square with your own experience?

        • Should I do it? You're not going to adopt every educational program that is scientifically backed, and it may make sense to adopt one that has not been scientifically evaluated.

          When Can You Trust the Experts? offers parents, teachers, administrators, and policymakers the tools they need to ask tougher questions, think more logically about why an intervention might or might not work, and ultimately make more informed decisions.

Product details

  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ Jossey-Bass; 1st edition (July 24, 2012)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Hardcover ‏ : ‎ 272 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 1118130278
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-1118130278
  • Reading age ‏ : ‎ 1 year and up
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 2.31 pounds
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 5.9 x 0.7 x 8.8 inches
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.6 4.6 out of 5 stars 91 ratings

About the author

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Daniel T. Willingham
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DANIEL T. WILLINGHAM received his PhD from Harvard University in cognitive psychology and is now a professor of psychology at the University of Virginia. He is the author of several books, including Outsmart Your Brain and the best-selling "Why Don't Students Like School?". A fellow of the American Psychological Association and the Association for Psychological Science, you can follow him on Twitter @DTWillingham and on TikTok @daniel_willingham

Customer reviews

4.6 out of 5 stars
91 global ratings

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Customers say

Customers find the book informative and useful for thinking effectively about educational research and decision-making. They appreciate its epistemological background and well-thought-out scientific perspective. Many consider it an excellent, worthwhile read for anyone in education. The book is accessible and easy to understand, not too technical.

AI-generated from the text of customer reviews

9 customers mention "Reading value"7 positive2 negative

Customers find the book informative and useful for thinking about educational research and decision-making. It provides a useful context for thinking about science involved in education. Readers also get lessons in understanding rhetorical, cultural, and historical trends in education. The text is well-elaborated, full of useful hints about how to use expert opinions and accessible interpretations of the very latest research.

"...I could tell you a ton of things I like about the book. It's full of useful ideas that I have incorporated easily into my own educational practice...." Read more

"...He provides useful context for thinking about the science involved in education, and about how to sort through the complexity of assessment in a..." Read more

"...The book is also very valuable in its epistemological background: what is science, how is it produced, characteristics of scientific method, science..." Read more

"...for those well versed in psychology, but arguably required reading for those involved in education (as well as a general audience) who do not have..." Read more

7 customers mention "Value for money"7 positive0 negative

Customers find the book useful and well worth reading. They say it's an excellent book on how research makes a difference when making decisions. The book is great for anyone in education or policy making.

"...a principal, a parent, or a policy maker, this book is well worth having on your bookshelf (or in your Kindle if you're out of shelf space like I am)..." Read more

"A very well done book addressing a myriad of concerns with behavioral research and education practice from a well thought out scientific perspective...." Read more

"...Of course it’s great reading for anyone in education but often times changes are made without a clear process is place to evaluate it." Read more

"this book is good. you should read it." Read more

3 customers mention "Ease of use"3 positive0 negative

Customers find the book easy to understand and follow. They appreciate that it's not too technical and provides a sensible look at how we teach.

"...His previous book, "Why Students Don't Like School?" is a very accessible and very sensible look at how we teach, why many of the things of we do..." Read more

"...Willingham does a good job of explaining in an easy to understand way why we should be suspicious of educational research and more than just..." Read more

"...Though it was daunting at times, l appreciated that the book wasn't too technical and was relatively easy to follow...." Read more

Top reviews from the United States

  • Reviewed in the United States on April 13, 2013
    Dan Willngham does great work when it comes to bringing science and education together. His previous book, "Why Students Don't Like School?" is a very accessible and very sensible look at how we teach, why many of the things of we do probably don't work very well, how this effects kids' view of their own schooling, and what science tells us about how we might change things. Now I think he's done us one better by giving us a book that helps us evaluate all the science and pseudo-science we hear about in education.

    I think this is significant for two reason: (1) I'm not aware of any book for a non-scientist like me that provides tools I can use every day to evaluate scientific claims about teaching and learning; and (2) Dan is essentially giving us a powerful tool to investigate his own work as a scientist as well. His book, then, not only tells us something about educational research, it tells us something about Dan: that he is truly one of the experts we can trust because he is willing to not only willing to put his own work up for public scrutiny but also to give non-scientists like me the very tool we need to scrutinize his efforts.

    I could tell you a ton of things I like about the book. It's full of useful ideas that I have incorporated easily into my own educational practice. But you can read the book and find those things out for yourself.

    What I'd really like people to consider is the nature of the person who wrote this book. How many scientist have written books for non-scientists about how to evaluate scientific claims--including their own? I'm sure there are some. But I don't think there are many. And I certainly haven't found one in education that is as thoughtful, as practical, and as fair-minded as this book.

    Whether you're a teacher, a principal, a parent, or a policy maker, this book is well worth having on your bookshelf (or in your Kindle if you're out of shelf space like I am). Dan's "Science and Education Blog" is also a great read. Much like his book, it brings to the lay person like me, brief and accessible interpretations of the very latest research on learning--with the same fair-minded and high-integrity approach he has brought to the writing of "When Can You Trust the Experts?"
    7 people found this helpful
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  • Reviewed in the United States on December 27, 2018
    Parents, teachers and administrators are often in a position where they need to evaluate programs and products offered by companies and governments, from the point of view of scientific merit. That is what this book is about: Helping evaluate the quality of evidence and research in education from a scientific standpoint. Willingham encourages a skeptical attitude toward experts in education and education research, primarily due to the complexity, confusions, ambiguities, tendency to fraud and deception, and difficulty of assessment of quality of programs and projects in education. He provides useful context for thinking about the science involved in education, and about how to sort through the complexity of assessment in a relatively practical and sound fashion. I think his ideas are to some extent of value to consider, and his cautionary viewpoint (as he, himself, is an expert) makes one aware of what is involved, and why we cannot just rely on experts, as we often can in other fields, such as medicine. The book has a modestly optimistic tone, but Willingham does not slight the difficulties involved in assessing courses of action in education. I think his book is mainly of interest to people involved in K-12 education and the first couple of years of college.
    One person found this helpful
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  • Reviewed in the United States on June 14, 2013
    Very sound interpretation of science’s structure and role in society, mainly in education. Didactically managed, the text is well elaborated, full of useful hints about how we can use expert knowledge wisely. Scientific knowledge is no panacea – it applies only to logic-experimental phenomena. But in this field it is the best we have, so education should rely far more on research and knowledge in order to offer students great learning opportunities. The book is also very valuable in its epistemological background: what is science, how is it produced, characteristics of scientific method, science as a controversy in practice, no final results, always in progress…
    One person found this helpful
    Report
  • Reviewed in the United States on May 26, 2019
    A very well done book addressing a myriad of concerns with behavioral research and education practice from a well thought out scientific perspective. The book loses some momentum towards the end (step 3 and 4 in chapters 6 & 7 namely), but prior to that it is a book I would eagerly recommend to those desiring a rudimentary background in the subject. Nothing groundbreaking for those well versed in psychology, but arguably required reading for those involved in education (as well as a general audience) who do not have an extensive background in cognitive psychology.
    One person found this helpful
    Report
  • Reviewed in the United States on September 21, 2019
    This is the go-to-book for thinking effectively about educational research and decision-making in the face of so many choices, opinions, and sources of info. You also get get lessons in understanding rhetorical, cultural, and historical trends in education.
  • Reviewed in the United States on July 20, 2014
    Sorting through education policy, curriculum and strategies are very important parts of education. Since there is no definitive place to receive vetted information for educators to make sound decisions for their classroom, this book lays out a solid pathway to follow to support what should happen in a classroom to enhance student learning. I will be referring to this again and again as the many Persuaders that are present in my world try to promote Change that may or may not have the effect they desire.

    Thank you Dr. Willingham!
  • Reviewed in the United States on January 20, 2020
    Great book!!!
    This must be required reading for every board member and district administrator. Of course it’s great reading for anyone in education but often times changes are made without a clear process is place to evaluate it.

Top reviews from other countries

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  • Fabio Adiron
    5.0 out of 5 stars Excelente livro
    Reviewed in Brazil on February 3, 2021
    Muito bom o livro, nos leva a muitos questionamentos sobre regras de bolo
  • Emmanuel Trouche
    5.0 out of 5 stars The book everyone interested in Education should read!
    Reviewed in France on September 6, 2019
    As a researcher in education and teacher for (primary school) teachers. This book is absolutely perfect for my students who want to become teachers or already are.

    The reason why this book is uniquely awesome and useful is that teachers and educators can't read all (or even a little bit) of the scientific literature. So you have to listen to experts, and they rarely agree on anything about education (at least in France). This book will be the most effective (cost/benefits) way to learn about educational science all your (teacher's) life because you will know where to look and what to ask when facing "experts" who want tell you about how to do your job ;).
    As a sidenote, you can read any of the books written by Dan Willingham, I think he's a very good writer and a very sharp thinker.
    I strongly recommand!
  • Katharine
    5.0 out of 5 stars Dan W is great
    Reviewed in the United Kingdom on May 5, 2013
    All of Dan's books are fantastic. If only the educational establishment in the western world would listen! He is a great writer and he also makes a whole load of sense. If you're interested in education, definitely read him. He is a genius.
  • deborahrowberry
    5.0 out of 5 stars Five Stars
    Reviewed in the United Kingdom on October 27, 2015
    Excellent book thank ypu