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White Fragility: Why It's So Hard for White People to Talk About Racism Paperback – June 26, 2018

4.5 4.5 out of 5 stars 47,970 ratings

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The New York Times best-selling book exploring the counterproductive reactions white people have when their assumptions about race are challenged, and how these reactions maintain racial inequality.

In this “vital, necessary, and beautiful book” (Michael Eric Dyson), antiracist educator Robin DiAngelo deftly illuminates the phenomenon of white fragility and “allows us to understand racism as a practice not restricted to ‘bad people’ (Claudia Rankine). Referring to the defensive moves that white people make when challenged racially, white fragility is characterized by emotions such as anger, fear, and guilt, and by behaviors including argumentation and silence. These behaviors, in turn, function to reinstate white racial equilibrium and prevent any meaningful cross-racial dialogue. In this in-depth exploration, DiAngelo examines how white fragility develops, how it protects racial inequality, and what we can do to engage more constructively.

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Customer reviews

4.5 out of 5 stars
47,970 global ratings

Customers say

Customers find the content valuable, validating, and helpful. They also say the book provides an accurate assessment of racism as systemic, societal, institutional, and omnipresent. However, some readers feel the themes are racist, pretentious, and un-relatable. Opinions are mixed on the writing style, with some finding it thoroughly written and transparent, while others say it's challenging and uses terminology differently from common usages.

AI-generated from the text of customer reviews

796 customers mention "Content"632 positive164 negative

Customers find the book provides valuable insights, useful, and approachable. They also say the book contains insightful analysis of unconscious racism and white supremacy. Customers also say it's very eye opening and displays both humility and hope.

"...and explains the roots and foundations of it all soo eloquently, thoroughly and perfectly!..." Read more

"...DiAngelo displays both humility and hope in how she shares personal stories of her own experiences and struggles...." Read more

"...I found this directness extremely helpful...." Read more

"...and is repetitive at times, but it nonetheless advocates for movement toward justice and equality and is therefore a worthwhile read.B+" Read more

19 customers mention "Relevance"19 positive0 negative

Customers find the book timely and a good beginning guide for white people. They also say the subject is timely.

"...The author is clever and original in her argument. The book is a quick read and holds interest well but could have been expressed in a shorter format..." Read more

"...Ironically, the subject is timely and through reading other sources of information on institutionalized racism, I have noticed many examples of this...." Read more

"This book is amazing. It's a quick read that can be completed in one day but the complexity of the concepts will have you coming back to the book..." Read more

"...a wealth of information, "White Fragility" is an engrossing and fast-paced read...." Read more

300 customers mention "Writing style"165 positive135 negative

Customers have mixed opinions about the writing style. Some find the book very thoroughly written, easy to read, and clear. They also say it's bold, important, and interesting. However, others find it challenging, repetitive, and full of jargon.

"...into words and explains the roots and foundations of it all soo eloquently, thoroughly and perfectly!..." Read more

"...for most white Americans to read, but it also uses terminology differently from common usages...." Read more

"This is a good book written in simple format only a few rare vocabulary words used so it’s easy to start and finish...." Read more

"...It does seem to pull some punches and is repetitive at times, but it nonetheless advocates for movement toward justice and equality and is therefore..." Read more

44 customers mention "Difficult topics"15 positive29 negative

Customers are mixed about the difficult topics in the book. Some find it thought-provoking, while others say it shook them out of their comfort zone and made them physically ill.

"...Not only is the book intentionally uncomfortable for most white Americans to read, but it also uses terminology differently from common usages...." Read more

"...said, this book will definitely make you, as a nice white person, uncomfortable and provide valuable insights. Definitely worth a read." Read more

"...At best it makes white people feel uncomfortable and self-conscious around people of color – a feeling Dr. DiAngelo is supposedly trying to change..." Read more

"...This book is NOT intended to make YOU feel better. But if it helps you make others feel better, then you've taken its message to heart." Read more

79 customers mention "Themes"21 positive58 negative

Customers find the themes in the book racist, encouraging self-hatred, and condescending.

"...Why do you say it's racist? “It is racist, and I don't mean that Robin DiAngelo is a racist. I'm not calling her that...." Read more

"...I learned is that the author is not intelligent, is illogical, and is racist...." Read more

"...4. It makes no mention whatsoever of capitalism.5. It is neither un-American nor anti-American.6...." Read more

"...The author appears to exhibit an unfortunate and deep self-loathing for her own whiteness that is quite prominent throughout the second half of her..." Read more

An Important Read for this Important Time
5 out of 5 stars
An Important Read for this Important Time
This year marks the ninth in which I plan to read and review a book a week. Over the years, I've been fortunate to read so many great books, meet other book lovers, and learn about the community at large. A new year also gives me the opportunity to reflect on my past and plan for my future. 2020 was a historic year for many reasons, but one thing that is undeniable is that for many this was the beginning of a national reconning with the ugly truth of systemic racism and police brutality. The horrific murders of Geroge Floyd and Breonna Taylor, to name just a few, sparked much-needed conversations and calls to action. When a co-worker recommended I read Robin DiAngelo's White Fragility, a book meant to help white people come to terms with their place in a system built upon racial inequity, I knew it would be a valuable resource in continuing my own journey toward becoming a more effective ally. I read the book last year but decided a re-read would be an appropriate way to begin this new year of blogging and reviewing.Before reading this book, I considered myself to be fairly in touch with the imbalance built into our country. I've noticed the times when I was afforded opportunities that were only available to me as a white man. I've had open conversations with friends and co-workers about how their experiences differ from mine, and those conversations helped me to see a perspective that I was blind to. DiAngelo, a white woman herself, presented topics that further dismantled my existing perceptions around race and helped me to see things in a more well-rounded way. Here's the thing, even as someone conscious of the differences in society for people of different ethnicities, I was still complicit in perpetuating those same systems that I recognized as wrong. It is difficult for anyone to admit that they have perpetuated systemic racism, but it is undeniable that I've been complicit in this very system.In terms of my own reading, I was shocked to realize how inequitable the entire publishing industry truly is. As someone who publishes a review of a book each week, I feel that I bear a responsibility to consume and present reviews of diverse stories from diverse storytellers. I read 52 books in 2020, and only 4 of those were written by a BIPOC author. Simply put, that is not good enough. White Fragility by Robin DiAngelo asks us to not only recognize our place in systemic racism but to actively take action to fight against it. However small my impact in the larger book community may be, I feel moved to do more, share more, and continue learning more. Each month this year, I will resolve to read and review at least one book by a BIPOC author. This small goal on top of my annual reading goal will serve to broaden my perspective while sharing a wider variety of authors and stories. I may not be able to change the publishing industry as a whole, but I can certainly impact the kind of books that I choose to read and share here on A Book A Week. Happy New Year and happy reading!
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Top reviews from the United States

Reviewed in the United States on July 21, 2024
The author gets it! And she puts everything into words and explains the roots and foundations of it all soo eloquently, thoroughly and perfectly!

This book is for those who genuinely want to learn and are at the point in their life where they are willing to and want to put the work into being and doing better!

This book is one of those things which should be required reading and taught VERY early in life if humanity and America wants to get any better. It takes putting ones ego and need for power aside, because there’s infinitely more to this world than these fake structures we uphold.

The negative reviews are examples of the very fragility she deeply explains. They missed the point entirely.
4 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on March 23, 2020
Whew!!! Well where do I start? God Bless Dr. D'Angelo! My opinion is that several of the sad small comments were as if not more interesting than the book. Many commenters proved your exact point 1000%. I'm confident you have grown solid steel skin. A little about my life as I feel you research running thr3 my veins. I'm a babyboomer of the 50's. I can relate 100% to your research to the point as if I was the laboratory specimen/rat with tears in the research and development of your book. I was born into a family of successful east coast musicians (son of a DC musical scholar, writer, composer, big band director, former 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and lead trumpeter for Duke Ellington, Cab Callaway, Hal Davis and others and directed band throughout the US) - I was initially introduced to the forces of racism (FOR) at the tender age 10 after forced by city zoning law (Color of Law) to integrate into a all white school at the 5th grade; where I could understand the hate toward me but i endured and made stsrting positions on the school's baseball and football teams but denied membership before the first game and removed from the team due to the Boys Club of _____'s segregation policy; years later forced into a majority white student body high school and played junior and varsity football, wrestled, ran track and offered a sports scholarship. My abilities on the football, track, and wrestling practice sessions were recognized and constantly praised by coaches, however as one of 5 non- white players on my team and non- white humans present in the entire stadium during games causes me or others to never become starters. Later in the military I excelled in physical training, testing, academics GPA and maximum scores on test and marksmanship however the FOR appeared daily for over 20 years of military service from the day of enlistment entrance at the lowest rank in my military speciality field to senior leader on 3 continents and 3 wars leading hundreds of soldiers. I acquited 3 degrees from well known universities during my military career. Subsequently to military retirement the FOR appeared very often over the next 20 as a member of a very well known federal agency representing the US Constitution and Laws. Almost everyday from 1993 to 2016 I was reminded of FOR. I am happy to have had the pleasure and blessings to have read and shared this research phenomenon with my love ones of several races. I'm blessed to have a very diverse circle of family and friends throughout the US, Europe, Asia, and Africa. Dr D'Angelo I feel the blood and tears through my veins in your words and Youtube video. It took me back to the ability to recall and see the named and faced of hatreds since my first experience in 1965. Since Linda Hervieux's book about the untold story of the black soldiers of D-Day Invasion of WWII that acknowledged my father, uncles, and their friends of stories in my home of their WWII experiences, discrimination and pain when I was of 5th grade aged which I didn't understand and they were in their 50s and 60s. I now understand your maxtrix of the system the Forefathers, William Lynch and others established institutional structures during the infancy through The Reconstruction of America. I'm a proud father and grandfather who's often asked questions by my children about my military and law enforcement career. I often tell them "I was a proud soldier. Not because of the 52 medals and awards listed on my DD-214 or hung on my walls; but I was that which many did not want to be. A Soldier, born and raised as an American. Your and Linda's covers a legacy of the men and women in my family's history from 1919 until today. Thank you and may God Bless you and your family. Thank you for your service. You and Linda deserve the Medal of Freedom for you many years of research to make this world a better place. You're a decorated soldier. My weapon was weapons of war. Your is you mind and intellect (Ph'd.) Thank you Doctor. You are a HERO!!!
49 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on July 6, 2021
I had heard quite a bit about this book, both positive and negative. I decided I needed to read it for myself, both to educate myself on the topic of systemic racism and to form my own opinion of the book.
I found the book to be both challenging and enlightening. The author definitely challenges white readers to change our perspective on systemic racism in America and the role we play in that system.
In reading the first half of the book, I was troubled a bit by DiAngelo's terminology and word usage. She uses terms such as "racism" and "white supremacy" differently from their more common usages. She is careful to explain her usage and definitions. However, it still took a bit of getting used to.

I was also a bit troubled that her terminology seems intended to make her primary intended audience, white Americans, uncomfortable. However, by the time I finished the book I realized DiAngelo does this on purpose because she sees discomfort as an essential step for most white Americans to begin changing our racial paradigm and begin developing stamina for discussing racial topics without reverting to familiar defensive tactics.

Reading this book also helped me better understand some past conversations I found confusing. It is always easier to communicate when all participants understand the terminology being used.
I feel I also have a better understanding of some of the harsh critiques of this book. Not only is the book intentionally uncomfortable for most white Americans to read, but it also uses terminology differently from common usages. The result is it would be really easy for a reader to take offense... and equally easy to grab a quote out of context that comes across as having a completely different meaning from the author's intent.

Now for some discussion of what the book does not do:

1. It does not promote a socialist agenda.
2. It does not advocate for financial reparations.
3. It does not mention the phrase "Critical Race Theory."
4. It makes no mention whatsoever of capitalism.
5. It is neither un-American nor anti-American.
6. It is not opposed to sound Christian doctrine, nor to the Gospel, nor to the Bible.
7. It is not divisive.
8. It does not seek to make white Americans feel guilty for things done by our ancestors.

On the contrary, the whole point of the book is to help white Americans better understand systemic racism and our role in that system, so we can begin to learn to do better at a personal level. I found the message of this book quite compatible with the commandment of Jesus Christ to love others as He has loved us.

DiAngelo displays both humility and hope in how she shares personal stories of her own experiences and struggles.

DiAngelo is an educator by profession. Her book is very educational. And her vision for reducing inequities of systemic racism is through education.

I highly recommend this book to anyone (especially white Americans) who would like to learn more about systemic racism and our roles in those systems, as well as how we can begin to do better.

I would caution any white reader to read this book with a teachable attitude, prepared to learn. If approached from a position of arrogance, you will likely just come away frustrated and angry.
69 people found this helpful
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Top reviews from other countries

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Tamara
5.0 out of 5 stars Must-Read that made the topic of racism so much more approachable for me!
Reviewed in Germany on August 5, 2024
Picked this book because as like a lot of white people, I was frustrated with the topic and always trying to be a good ally and it feeling like it was never enough. This book is a gamechanger.
It's a short but densely-packed read. You enter it maybe a little worried that it'll be frustrating again (but at least limited to a few pages) and leave - most of all! - a lot calmer, with a much clearer head. My frustration is almost entirely replaced with a curiosity and a better idea how to navigate an issue that is so much bigger than oneself.
agostino corfini
5.0 out of 5 stars Somos todos racistas
Reviewed in Spain on June 24, 2023
La lectura de este libro - muy profundo - me ha tocado la fibra en muchas cosas. Me ha hecho reflexionar y entender muchos aspectos de mi cultura que no había notado pero que indudablemente tienen sesgos racistas. Una vez leído el libro entenderás el título de mi reseña y no te ofenderá dicha afirmación tan tajante.
One person found this helpful
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Amazon Customer
5.0 out of 5 stars Recomendo!
Reviewed in Brazil on November 28, 2020
Para quem quer entender mais sobre racismo... um livro necessário!
One person found this helpful
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Rina
5.0 out of 5 stars Interesting book !
Reviewed in France on February 16, 2022
I liked how she introduced her concept. Well articulated and insightful writing. That's what I call food for thoughts, especially from where I stand. Living in France, I can testify: this kind of books are not popular here, nor even published which is a pity. We need to confront different opinions and thesis on this particular topic.
One person found this helpful
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taz
5.0 out of 5 stars A Book Every White Person Should Read
Reviewed in Canada on June 4, 2020
I'm disabled and need to self isolate because I'm high risk if I get Covid 19. No protests for me!

I was thinking "What can I do to honor George Floyd, his family and black people in general that I can do from home.

I decided that the very least I could do was buy this book and read it.

To be honest the title triggered feelings of defensiveness and eye rolling. Deep inside of me was a part of me that did NOT want to read this book. I decided that this reaction signalled that I needed to read it. "If people can be out marching and putting their bodies in danger to protest police violence against black people...the very least I can do is read this book with the title that triggers so much anxious avoidance in me."

So I did! And I'm so glad I did. The book discusses the feelings of fear, defensiveness, shame, guilt and anger that white people experience when discussion of racism comes up. It explains where these feelings come from and labels them as being a kind of psychological "syndrome," known as "White Fragility."

It also explains Racism/White Supremacism as a culture we have all grown up within and how our emotional reactions help strengthen that culture vs challenging it and creating something new.

I saw much of myself in the examples given but also, for the 1st time a way of responding to and taking responsibility for these emotional reactions instead of demanding black people stop everything to take care of my feelings.

It gave me words to use, questions to ask myself, ways to understand how my behavior is being perceived and recieved by black people. It gave me examples of ways to own my own racist thoughts or behaviour and ask for forgiveness, attempt to make amends even if the person chooses (as is their right) not to forgive my Racism.

For the 1st time in my life, I feel like I have a bit of a framework and basic etiquette to use to navigate my racist reactions in a way that both empowers me to feel more confident in my diversity skills while also attempting to create more honest and intimate relations with black people.

I can see this book being used in Anti-Racism workshops with white people. Reading a chapter, journalling about our reactions and finding ways to become less "fragile," and more capable of listening to and engaging in respectful discussions of race.

I really mean it. Every single white person should read this book. You wont regret it!
151 people found this helpful
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