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Winston S. Churchill: The Challenge of War, 1914–1916 (Volume III) (Churchill Biography Book 3) Kindle Edition
| Martin Gilbert (Author) Find all the books, read about the author, and more. See search results for this author |
—Andrew Roberts, historian and author of The Storm of War
“The most scholarly study of Churchill in war and peace ever written.”
—Herbert Mitgang, The New York Times
This third volume of the official biography of Sir Winston Churchill contains a full account of his initiatives and achievements as wartime First Lord of the Admiralty between August 1914 and May 1915. These include his efforts to prolong the siege of Antwerp, his support for the use of air power, and his part in the early development of the tank. It shows the forcefulness with which he argued for an offensive naval policy, first against Germany, then against Turkey.
“What about the Dardanelles?” was the cry Churchill heard often between the two world wars. It epitomized the distrust in which he was held by both politicians and the public as a result of the naval setback at the Dardanelles in March 1915 and the eventual failure of the Gallipoli landings launched the following month.
Martin Gilbert examines the political crisis of May 1915, during which the Conservative Party forced Asquith to form a coalition government. The Conservatives insisted that Churchill leave the center of war policymaking for a position of increasing political isolation. In the next seven months, while the Gallipoli campaign was being fought, Churchill served as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, with no authority over military or naval policy.
Resigning from the Cabinet in November 1915, Churchill was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel, commanding an infantry battalion in the trenches of the Western Front. In May 1916, he returned from the trenches, hoping to reenter political life, but his repeated attempts to regain his once-substantial influence were unsuccessful.
About the Author
SIR MARTIN GILBERT was born in England in 1936. He was a graduate of Oxford University, from which he held a Doctorate of Letters, and was an Honorary Fellow of Merton College, Oxford. In 1962 he began work as one of Randolph Churchill’s research assistants, and in 1968, after Randolph Churchill’s death, he became the official biographer of Winston Churchill. He published six volumes of the Churchill biography, and edited twelve volumes of Churchill documents.
During forty-eight years of research and writing, Sir Martin published eighty books, including The First World War, The Second World War, and a three-volume History of the Twentieth Century. He also wrote, as part of his series of ten historical atlases, Atlas of the First World War, and, most recently, Atlas of the Second World War.
Sir Martin’s film and television work included a documentary series on the life of Winston Churchill. His other published works include Churchill: A Photographic Portrait, In Search of Churchill, Churchill and America, and the single volume Churchill, A Life.
About the Work
In the official biography of Sir Winston Churchill, his son Randolph—and later Sir Martin Gilbert, who took up the work following Randolph’s death—had the full use of Sir Winston’s letters and papers, and also many hundreds of private archives. The work spans eight volumes, detailing Churchill’s youth and early adventures in South Africa and India, his early career, and his more than fifty years on the world stage. No other statesman of modern times—or indeed of any age—has left such a wealth of personal letters, such a rich store of private and public documentation, such vivid memories in the minds of those who worked closest to him. Through these materials, assembled over the course of more than twenty years, one is able to know Churchill in a way never before possible.
- LanguageEnglish
- Publication dateApril 5, 2015
- File size19215 KB
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Product details
- ASIN : B00VQHUFJM
- Publisher : RosettaBooks (April 5, 2015)
- Publication date : April 5, 2015
- Language : English
- File size : 19215 KB
- Text-to-Speech : Enabled
- Screen Reader : Supported
- Enhanced typesetting : Enabled
- X-Ray : Enabled
- Word Wise : Enabled
- Sticky notes : On Kindle Scribe
- Print length : 918 pages
- Page numbers source ISBN : 0434130095
- Customer Reviews:
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Sir Martin Gilbert CBE is the official biographer of Winston Churchill and a leading historian on the Twentieth Century, who, in his 88 books has shown there is such a thing as "true history".
Apart from the seven Churchill Biographies, accompanied by seventeen Churchill documents, a lifetimes work; his other major works includes Churchill a Life,The First World War, The Second World War,The Holocaust,Israel A History, History of the Twentieth Century and his nine pioneering atlases which harness cartography to history.
Born in London in 1936 to Jewish parents, Peter and Miriam Gilbert whose own parents came as refugees from Czarist Russia, he was sent with his parents to Cornwall in 1939 when the Second World War broke out. In the spring of 1940, Martin was evacuated with thousands of children to safety in Canada and returned from Toronto after four years in 1944 as a seven year old boy with his parents and baby sister. They were later evacuated, to Wales, where they were when the war ended. He attended Highgate School for ten years from 1945 to 1955.From 1955 to 1957, Martin did his National Service and in 1957, received a Demyship to Magdalen College, Oxford, graduating in 1960 with first-class honours in modern history.
Two years were spent as a Research Scholar at St Antony's College, Oxford where Gilbert was approached by Randolph Churchill to assist his work on a biography of his father, Sir Winston Churchill. That same year, 1962, Gilbert was made a Fellow of Merton College, Oxford, and he spent the next few years combining his own research projects in Oxford with being part of Randolph's research team in Suffolk, working on the first two volumes of the Churchill biography. When Randolph died in 1968, Gilbert was commissioned to take over the task, completing the remaining six main volumes of the biography.
In 1995, he was awarded a Knighthood "for services to British history and international relations and in 1999 Merton, Oxford, awarded Sir Martin Gilbert a DLitt, " for the totality of his published work."
Researching and exploring, lecturing and teaching, Sir Martin had many travels to major cities throughout the United States and Canada. His travels through Europe included lectures in Lisbon, Cracow, Skopje, Kaunas, Prague, Geneva, and Paris, among others. In each place he visited old friends, made new ones, and was constantly making notes of personal experiences or eye-witness accounts he could weave into his books.
"I returned from New York to Liverpool by ship in April 1944. Since then, having been a mini-part of history, I have never stopped travelling in search of history."
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The volume starts with Churchill at the top of his career as the First Lord at the start of WW I. His naval preparations have paid off and he is a key advisor on the war council. Then he gets involved in what becomes the Gallipoli landings. He's a key proponent of this offensive, but it all goes bad when not enough resources are committed. He is subsequently blamed for the whole thing, is pushed out into a meaningless position, resigns and becomes a military leader on the front line. After a few months, he decides to get back into politics, but finds that he is a political pariah. This is a very difficult time for him and much of the time is spent trying to clear his name by trying to get the official proceeding of the war council published.
Churchill is exceedingly ambitious and is convinced that he is a key to obtaining victory quickly. This is an interesting look at a great man being held back from contributing great things to his country. I'm sure this whole episode had a huge impact on the rest of his life.
It is a good view of how important it is to have strong political support from those in power and from the public. He had neither during this time of his life after having had both prior to this time.
If you are thinking about reading it, or giving it to a Churchill fan that you must obviously care about a great deal, then you may want to know the value of the contents. Gilbert tells the story of Churchill's life during the first two years of WWI almost on a day-by-day basis. He frequently includes excerpts from letters and memoranda, both by Churchill and by others. The benefit of telling the story in such detail is the insight it gives into the actual workings of an actual government. Although this book covers many great moments, the most riveting story to me is the tracing of the botched and aborted running of the Dardanelles. It's been told often, but not in this detail anywhere else. It illustrates what Francis Fukuyama calls "bureaucratic autonomy," the ability of an agency or service to resist control by its nominal superiors. Fukuyama believes this is an essential part of maintaining democratic rule, but it sure hinders fighting a war. It also illustrates what a great favor General Marshall did for the United States when he told Eisenhower to bypass the promotion lists and reach down past more than 30 ranking generals to find the ones who would actually win battles. Through all 8 of these volumes, one of the character traits that shows most clearly is Churchill's fealty, almost a horror of ever giving reason to believe he was disloyal. In this setting it was a defect. It blocked him from firing Fisher and reaching down for an admiral who would fight and win that battle. Who knows what the impact would have been on the war, if he had?
Altogether these 8 volumes hold between 4 and 5 million words. Although there were times I wished I could finish more quickly and get on to other matters, I skipped nothing and was never bored. Absolutely worth your while.
The book is well foot-noted, as you would expect from one of Randolph Churchill's chief researchers. Martin Gilbert was charged with the task of completing the work which might have languished after Randolph's own death. Gilbert continues in much the same style as Randolph, allowing voluminous correspondence, newspaper accounts, and personal diaries and remembrances to tell the store. I was fascinated to learn that there were companion volumes published which contained the full text of the referenced material.