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First Light: Switching on Stars at the Dawn of Time
Audible Audiobook
– Unabridged
Bloomsbury presents First Light by Emma Chapman, read by Emma Chapman.
Astronomers have successfully observed a great deal of the universe’s history, from recording the afterglow of the big bang to imaging thousands of galaxies, and even to visualising an actual black hole. There’s a lot for astronomers to be smug about. But when it comes to understanding how the universe began and grew up, we are literally in the dark ages. In effect, we are missing the first one billion years from the timeline of the universe.
This brief but far-reaching period in the universe’s history, known to astrophysicists as the ‘Epoch of Reionisation’, represents the start of the cosmos as we experience it today. The time when the very first stars burst into life, when darkness gave way to light. After hundreds of millions of years of dark, uneventful expansion, one by the one these stars suddenly came into being. This was the point at which the chaos of the big bang first began to yield to the order of galaxies, black holes and stars, kick-starting the pathway to planets, to comets, to moons and to life itself.
Incorporating the very latest research into this branch of astrophysics, this audiobook sheds light on this time of darkness, telling the story of these first stars, hundreds of times the size of the sun and a million times brighter, lonely giants that lived fast and died young in powerful explosions that seeded the universe with the heavy elements that we are made of. Emma Chapman tells us how these stars formed, why they were so unusual and what they can teach us about the universe today. She also offers a first-hand look at the immense telescopes about to come on line to peer into the past, searching for the echoes and footprints of these stars, to take this period in the universe’s history from the realm of theoretical physics towards the wonder of observational astronomy.
- Listening Length7 hours and 46 minutes
- Audible release dateNovember 26, 2020
- LanguageEnglish
- ASINB08NFC726S
- VersionUnabridged
- Program TypeAudiobook
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Top reviews from the United States
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The book contains no equations and requires no mathematical knowledge, but it does require a brain. Everything is explained as simply as possible, but not so to be misleading. Simple illustrations (sometimes cartoon-like) convey complex concepts and phenomena.
The book rightly stresses the importance of the great astronomer Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin, who discovered that stars like the Sun are mostly made of Hydrogen. The fact that this was seen as incredible as late as 1925 is genuinely shocking. Even more shocking is how she was treated, mostly because she was a woman.
Also, this book conveys the basic fact that the study of the earliest stars that started producing elements like Iron is not just a Physical science. It's also a Historical science of sorts. The author uses analogies like the discovery of king Tut's tomb to convey this fact. This annoys some readers who miss the analogy, but it is, in fact, an extremely important observation.
The book refers to "illustrations in the centerfold." In the Kindle edition, the illustrations are there, but they are at the end of the e-book. Very nice to have them in full color!
For instance, the discussion of cosmic microwave background, occurring about 380,000 years after the Big Bang, at which time protons and electrons combined sufficiently to allow photons to escape their confinement and thus be observable billions of years later, including now. A very significant date and occurrence. Then more than 100 million years after the Big Bang we have stars forming. The author groups stars, ancient and modern, into three groups, Population I, Ii, and III, with III being the oldest. We haven't found any of them yet.They are the Holy Grail of stellar evolution astronomers. These Population III stars are metal-poor, which means they have virtually no elements heavier than helium. Population I stars are much newer and are metal-rich, including very heavy elements, derived from stars that exploded millions and even billions of years ago. Our own sun is an example of this. It contains elements it did not produce that were present in the gas and particles from which the sun formed.
There's a discussion of the fate of stars when they burn through sufficient fuel and can no long fight off the force of gravity, thus going into a supernova and, depending on their size, becoming a white dwarf (the fate of our sun), a neutron star or a black hole.
The author tells us about the James Webb Space Telescope, set to be launched this year, 2021. It's a telescope designed to pick up infrared electromagnetic radiation, unlike the Hubble telescope which is an optical telescope. The Webb telescope will capture the longer wavelength radiation that the Hubble cannot see. Because of the tremendous expansion of the Universe, radiation emitted many billions of years ago has been red shifted from the visible spectrum into the longer wavelengths of the infrared spectrum.
There's also a discussion of gravitational waves and their capture and recording and measurement by LIGO detectors. Well explained. Easy to understand.
All in all, a worthwhile read, despite the tough parts of the book. I recommend it.
Beyond that, I found the book very well written – great systematic approach to the subject overall, consistent manner of presentation of topics, and no ego. The only way I think the book could be improved is if Dr. Chapman included a short appendix showing some of the really “hard” stuff required to do her job – she might think this akin to bragging (“look what I can do!”), but I think it would be eye-opening to many folks.
Hope she writes more in the future.
The text is accompanied by many useful explanatory diagrams and the center piece contains several black and white and color photos.
Top reviews from other countries
Teil kindlichen Vergleiche noch deutlich darunter. Im Kapitel 4 wird dann ein radioastronomisches Experiment vorgestellt , dessen Verständnis astronomisches Grundwissen voraussetzt ( z.B. die kosmologische Rotverschiebung ). Das Ergebnis wird von der Theorie nicht gestützt. Dann spekuliert die
Autorin über Eigenschaften der Dunklen Materie und kommt zu Schluss ( S.129 ): "Dass das Gas des
Kosmos einige 100 Mio. Jahre nach dem Big Bang die tiefste Temperatur erreicht habe ( auch tiefer als
heute)".Bei der Beschreibung der möglichen Entstehung der Population 3-Sterne schreibt die Autorin
dann ( S.144 ): "Besonders in einem heißen und jungen Universum". Weiter dann auf Seite 150 : "Die
Wolken waren zu heiß ..." Die entscheidende Frage ist : Welche Temperatur hatte das kosmische Gas
ca. 200 Mio. Jahre nach dem Big Bang ? Diese Frage bleibt leider unbeantwortet . Um die ersten Sterne
aufzuspüren, brauchen wir Teleskope mit einer Hauptempfindlichkeit bei 0,1 - 0,01 mm .
Bei der Beschreibung der gefundenen Sterne mit sehr niedrigem Metallgehalt hätte ich mir eine Aussage
über deren Masse gewünscht .Sterne mit mehr als einer Sonnenmasse scheiden prinzipiell als Kandidaten
für Population 3-Sterne aus. Aufgrund der beschrieben Fakten : "Die Wolken waren zu heiß" ist die Chance
heute Population 3-Sterne mit weniger als ca. 0,8 Sonnenmassen zu entdecken nahezu gleich 0 , weil
Gaswolken mit derart niedrigem Gewicht nicht kollabieren konnten.
Fazit : Insgesamt eine enttäuschende Lektüre und daher nur ein Stern .















