Trade in Strangers: The Beginnings of Mass Migration to North America 1st Edition
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Editorial Reviews
Review
—Russell R. Menard, Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
“This is a rich study of the peopling of North America that should be of widespread interest to specialists in many sub-disciplines of history.”
—Susan E. Klepp, Temple University Book Review
“Trade in Strangers makes a useful contribution to our knowledge of colonial immigration, and raises many questions for future research.”
—David W. Galenson, Journal of Interdisciplinary History
“Trade in Strangers is first a sharply focused, impressively researched monographic study of the movement of German-speaking settlers to eighteenth-century Pennsylvania. Based on detailed research in German, Dutch, English, and American archives, Trade in Strangers is clearly the best study we have of this important migration and will serve as the starting point for all future scholarship on the subject. . . . While this book is aimed at professional historians even those with a more casual interest in early America will find much of interest here. Wokeck presents the clearest description I have seen of the redemptioner system, and offers a compelling account of the experience of eighteenth-century transatlantic migrants. In sum, this is a first-rate book that deserves a large audience.”
—Russell R. Menard, Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
“This monograph will be of interest to specialists in early American history and immigration history.”
—L. Scott Philyaw, History
“This is a valuable contribution to the study of immigration, ethnicity and the economy, and essential for historians of greater Pennsylvania. . . . This is a rich study of the peopling of North America that should be of widespread interest to specialists in many sub-disciplines of history.”
—Susan E. Klepp, Temple University Book Review
“Wokeck’s contributions to the study of transatlantic migration have opened up important innovative perspectives which no student of eighteenth- or nineteenth-century mass migration should ignore.”
—Georg Fertig, Journal of Economic History
“While Wokeck’s book breaks important new ground concerning the development of a market devoted primarily to moving immigrants, it also contains a variety of additional information and data that many readers will find even more valuable.”
—Ray Cohn, Northern Mariner
“Trade in Strangers is an important addition to the study of mass migration.”
—Nupur Chaudhuri, International Migration Review
“Only a historian versed in the Dutch, English and German languages and armed with tenacity could accomplish such a carefully researched chronicle.”
—Simone A Wegge, EH.NET
“This is not a book where you will find your ancestors listed, unless they were a merchant involved in the migrant trade; but it is an invaluable source of information on what our 18th-century German ancestors experienced in Germany, in transit, and when they first arrived in America.”
—Susannah E. Brooks, Der Kurier
“No other historian has so thoroughly utilized German sources in constructing a portrait of the experience of over 100,000 German emigrants to the British colonies in the eighteenth century.”
—Virginia DeJohn Anderson, American Historical Review
“Wokeck’s study is a painstaking and illuminating analysis of the technological means, financial arrangements, and social networks by which late 17th- and 18th-century migrants from Germany and Ireland made their way to North America. Wokeck wonderfully combines the approaches of business history, economics, history of technology, social history, and political history to recover the how of immigration in the Colonial period.”
—M. F. Jacobson, Choice
About the Author
Marianne S. Wokeck is Associate Professor of History at Indiana University/Purdue University at Indianapolis. She was previously Associate Editor of The Papers of William Penn and director of the Biographical Dictionary of Pennsylvania Legislators.
Product details
- Publisher : Penn State University Press; 1st edition (April 1, 1999)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 350 pages
- ISBN-10 : 027101833X
- ISBN-13 : 978-0271018331
- Lexile measure : 1830L
- Item Weight : 1.19 pounds
- Dimensions : 6 x 1 x 9 inches
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Best Sellers Rank:
#1,683,650 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #960 in Slavery & Emancipation History
- #1,625 in U.S. Immigrant History
- #2,607 in Emigration & Immigration Studies (Books)
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How did they decide on the journey? What factors turned their heads westward instead of to the eastern settlement schemes of Prussia, or the Austrian or Russian empires? Where did they get their advice from? Who led the Germans down the Rhine? How were they collected for trans-Atlantic shipment? Which middlemen profited from (or exploited) the "trade in strangers"? What were the costs of their passage? How were they received in the valley of the Delaware?
This scholarly book addresses the earliest trans-Atlantic mass migration to North America - those immigrants from southwestern Germany and northern Ireland who arrived prior to 1775. It answers the above questions and many more.
Our immigrant ancestors didn't just jump on a boat one day and arrive in the New World many weeks later without an entire system of personal and commercial contacts, information flows, and market forces to facilitate their passage. The huge influx of Germans prior to the Revolution followed a very complex chain of immigration which ensured that ships sailing to Philadelphia from ports in Holland carried "Redemptioners" rather than mere ballast. This book is primarily focused on their experiences.
The later and lesser pre-1775 Irish immigration differed significantly from the German experience both in immigrant composition and geographic mix between the northern counties and the southern counties of Ireland. Elements of the both the German immigrant trade and the Irish immigrant trade prior to the Revolution set the pattern for all later migration in the 1800s.
If you have Palatine, Swiss, or other German ancestors who landed in Philadelphia prior to 1775, this work is a fascinating study in understanding what they were up against - the "system" that moved them and the challenges they faced within that system.
Using both first-hand accounts and statistical analysis of diverse sources and studies, "Trade in Strangers" is an excellent way to understand early German and Irish immigration into the New World. Its focus is primarily the German immigration into the port of Philadelphia but it does mention why other destinations in America were less successful at attracting these immigrants. The smaller Irish immigration prior to 1775 is dealt with to a lesser extent and is mostly used as contrast for comparison to the simultaneous German immigration.
The elements of the system of immigration to America which were to remain constant until at least 1924 are highlighted because they were first used to channel these two early immigrant streams from Germany and Ireland.
This is a thoroughly-researched and well-written book. Historians of the American colonial experience, students of immigration, and family historians may all profit from reading this.
Also recommended: A Tide of Alien Tongues, Marrianne Wokeck (1982)


