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Perceptions of Palestine: Their Influence on U.S. Middle East Policy (Updated Edition with a New Afterword) Paperback – October 1, 2001
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Christison begins with the derogatory images of Arabs purveyed by Western travelers to the Middle East in the nineteenth century, including Mark Twain, who wrote that Palestine's inhabitants were "abject beggars by nature, instinct, and education." She demonstrates other elements that have influenced U.S. policymakers: American religious attitudes toward the Holy Land that legitimize the Jewish presence; sympathy for Jews derived from the Holocaust; a sense of cultural identity wherein Israelis are "like us" and Arabs distant aliens. She makes a forceful case that decades of negative portrayals of Palestinians have distorted U.S. policy, making it virtually impossible to promote resolutions based on equality and reciprocity between Palestinians and Israelis.
Christison also challenges prevalent media images and emphasizes the importance of terminology: Two examples are the designation of who is a "terrorist" and the imposition of place names (which can pass judgment on ownership).
Christison's thoughtful book raises a final disturbing question: If a broader frame of reference on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict had been employed, allowing a less warped public discourse, might not years of warfare have been avoided and steps toward peace achieved much earlier?
- Print length379 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherUniversity of California Press
- Publication dateOctober 1, 2001
- Dimensions5.83 x 1 x 8.82 inches
- ISBN-100520217187
- ISBN-13978-0520217188
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Product details
- Publisher : University of California Press; First Edition, Updated Edition with a New Afterword (October 1, 2001)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 379 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0520217187
- ISBN-13 : 978-0520217188
- Item Weight : 8.6 ounces
- Dimensions : 5.83 x 1 x 8.82 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #2,182,735 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #2,843 in Israel & Palestine History (Books)
- #2,950 in Middle Eastern Politics
- #8,786 in History & Theory of Politics
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- Reviewed in the United States on September 20, 2014This book is a beautifully crafted historical study of the "frame of reference" or mindset of Americans since early times toward the indigenous Arab people of Palestine -- now known as Israel and the Occupied Territories (OT).
Christison sets out to understand why even the foreign affairs elite of scholars, diplomats, politicians and journalists have twisted themselves into knots of puzzlement, dismay and angry frustration that the Palestinians have not happily accepted their displacement and found ways to make the European settlers who control Israel and the OT feel welcome and secure. She chronicles the many decades of ignorance, willful ignorance, stubborn indifference and tactful silence that these elites have used to avoid perceiving the huge, simple fact that the Palestinians were systematically dispossessed of their ancient homes, and rendered stateless by complete strangers from the West. She nicely illustrates the peculiar invisibility of such a massive, long-term, violent event to American eyes by the noting that the Palestinians' word for their overwhelming misfortune, the 'Nakba,' which simply means Catastrophe, was long translated as Arabic for the founding of the State of Israel. So, the Palestinians only even are visible in American eyes when they are connected somehow to the Israeli Jews or the West. It’s always been all about Israel, all the time.
This selective Mr. Magoo condition goes back more than 100 years and Christison details its contours and effects in a cool, insightful prose. It is a fascinating sort of deja vu to encounter beloved and respected historical figures such as FDR emitting the most ridiculous, callous opinions about the Arabs of Palestine, such as that they had only recently moved to the region and that it should be possible to move a few hundred thousand over to Iraq to make room for Jewish immigrants. The first time FDR met an Arab leader (first time for any president) was two months before he died and it dawned on him only then that the Arabs might not appreciate being displaced, but the perception died with him.
The book shows how from the beginning issues concerning Palestine have not been foreign policy issues but domestic political issues in a political context where only the Zionist side has a political and social presence. So, whatever brutal injustices were being perpetrated against the indigenous people of Palestine have been perceived by American elites in something the way that indulgent parents (feeling a bit guilty that they haven't been as kind and loving as they should have been) might perceive the troubles and entanglements of their far-away, demanding son. Understanding and concern for those with whom their son is fighting is theoretically called for but psychologically worrisome. So, the instinctive cowardice of maintaining a convenient "jamais vu" attitude has always prevailed. The U.S. Senate's 100 to zero vote in July 2014 to support the Israeli bombing of Palestinian homes, schools and hospitals in Gaza shows how powerful the pro-Israel mindset remains.
- Reviewed in the United States on September 9, 2009This book gave me a clear idea how in general Westerners (and especially Americans) are biased when it comes to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. The central concept of this book in my opinion is psychological, the authors proves that Westerns are already predisposed to be pro-Israeli which they called The Frame of Reference. In a nutshell, the frame of reference is powerful and once established in the human brain it is very hard to extract. Westerners have been highly affected by Bible and the Holocaust, which predates the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, and because of that an entrenched frame of mind have been well established.
Beside this important point the authors gave careful analysis to all American presidents since FDR with regard to this conflict.
Well Done, amazing analysis.
- Reviewed in the United States on August 12, 2013This was a gift purchased and the person really enjoyed getting this book, I will have to read it one day...after I read the twenty plus books I have stacked to read.
- Reviewed in the United States on April 29, 2017book came in fine condition
- Reviewed in the United States on October 10, 2009Excellent source for anyone who would like to learn more & know the other side of the Palestinian / Israeli conflict.
- Reviewed in the United States on January 16, 2015I cannot recommend this book as a text EXCEPT as a negative example, of bias in print
The author's website seeks the dismantling of the Jewish State, on grounds of ethnic exclusion;
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathleen_Christison, for example of bias
For further example -
This purported exclusion is incorrect. In Israel millions of Arabs vote in free and secret elections and Arabs have political parties in the legislature. This cannot be said of Arabs in most Muslim-majority countries, free and secret and open elections with multi-ethnic candidates -- and there certainly is no Jewish or Christian identifiable political party or free and secret ballot where Jews may run as Jews in say Syria or Saudi Arabia or Algeria or Iran etc
If one wishes to study religious exclusion, go to a Muslim country as a non-Muslim
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The author descries the American JEWISH lobby, which votes for a purported pro Israel position, at least USG does so, per this author; some of us call this democracy, that is, the pro Israel constituencies (more than just Jews) have more votes than the anti Israel constituencies and so she whines about not having the votes. Consider though, that Israelis do not fly airplanes into American buildings (except for a few truthers). Voters notice.
Nor is this a Jewish Money thing - Since we think that the petro-Arab States have all the money in the world, up until fracking, the pro-Jewish sentiment cannot be a money thing. Let THEM buy Congress!; and nothing stops the pro-Pal constituency from buying newspapers or media to present their point of view,
Ah the occupation - since 1967 -
There is a war, between Arabs (who did not become Palestinians until 1967 or so when they stole the label 'Palestinian' - under the British the Jews were Palestinians), in a war of ethnicity, from the 1930s on, long before there was a Jewish State; the war has not stopped one day, except for tactical truces to rearm
For a country under siege, Israel treats its enemies pretty good; when we get really really really mad at them, we will air drop them into Syria where they can fight their own; for now those at war,-- the Arabs/ Pals, since 1947, since 1930s, since 632 AD (Muhammad's death), suffer moderate wartime restrictions; - when they make peace, and accept that they threw away a State in 1947 and now futilely chase what they once had, we can renegotiate war-time restrictions - when they make peace. When we air drop them into ISIS land, they can beg to come back and fight Jews, and you know, we will let them...
Muslim-majority countries, per the 1300 year war between Shia and Sunni, do not commend themselves as enlightened westerners of broad inclusion in government
This is the camp where she falls politically, be advised
Her resume includes CIA Vietnam analyst 1963-1972, I'm not sure I would advertise that, overlaps with the Diem assassination and operation Phoenix and Air CIA Cocaine
Ah the expulsions..., the author also writes/ records the narrative of the dispossessed
I doubt that she focuses on the 1947-1949 period when the neighbors went to war to destroy this UN-created State, with as vile a set of racial stereotypes as we have anywhere, this small Bantustan was too much for Arabs to accept, and so they went to war and lost,
The expulsions happened during war, when war stopped expulsions stopped - we will never know if there had been no war if there would have been no expulsions - the dispossession is of their own causation (BUT recent wars have not let to expulsions...), they should blame themselves but they prefer war and loss, lather rinse repeat, and have their enablers in print,
Fair warning
One final note, she cites to perceptions (per the book title) of the locals, who were NOT Palestinians, as far back as Mark Twain, uniformly negative, indolent and vicious
Well, either she has found an eternal Zionist conspiracy -- who knew? - or the perceptions are/ were accurate; she cites to Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain to most of us), for apathy and indolence, who is not otherwise known as a Zionist tool
Pals however are these days very industrious, in the business of self-destruction and suicide as national policy, Mr Clemens missed that, but then that was before they had Jews as neighbors to challenge their passivity

