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American Pendulum: Recurring Debates in U.S. Grand Strategy (Cornell Studies in Security Affairs) Hardcover – November 16, 2015
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As new presidential administrations come into power, they each bring their own approach to foreign policy. No grand strategy, however, is going to be completely novel. New administrations never start with a blank slate, so it is always possible to see similarities between an administration and its predecessors. Conversely, since each administration faces novel problems and operates in a unique context, no foreign policy strategy is going to be an exact replica of its predecessors. In American Pendulum, Christopher Hemmer examines America's grand strategic choices between 1914 and 2014 using four recurring debates in American foreign policy as lenses. First, how should the United States balance the trade-offs between working alone versus working with other states and international organizations? Second, what is the proper place of American values in foreign policy? Third, where does the strategic perimeter of the United States lie? And fourth, is time on the side of the United States or of its enemies?
Offering new readings of debates within the Wilson, Truman, Nixon, Bush, and Obama administrations, Hemmer asserts that heated debates, disagreements, and even confusions over U.S. grand strategy are not only normal but also beneficial. He challenges the claim that uncertainties or inconsistences about the nation's role in the world or approach to security issues betray strategic confusion or the absence of a grand strategy. American foreign policy, he states, is most in danger not when debates are at their most pointed but when the weight of opinion crushes dissent. As the United States looks ahead to an increasingly multipolar world with increasing complicated security issues, Hemmer concludes, developing an effective grand strategy requires ongoing contestation and compromises between competing visions and policies.
- Print length240 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherCornell University Press
- Publication dateNovember 16, 2015
- Reading age18 years and up
- Dimensions6.12 x 0.94 x 9.25 inches
- ISBN-100801454247
- ISBN-13978-0801454240
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Editorial Reviews
Review
American Pendulumdiscusses US foreign policy by examining the recurring debates that shape the discourse surrounding America's role in the international system. Hemmer pays special attention to the key issues that define present-day US foreign policy decisions, including the trade-offs of adopting a unilateral or multilateral approach, the role of US values in foreign policy decisions, regions of the world that should cause the US heightened concern, and whether the future belongs to the US or its enemies.
-- M. L. Keck ― ChoiceReview
Recent years have witnessed a renaissance of interest in the subject of U.S. grand strategy. Christopher Hemmer makes an important contribution to the literature by contextualizing recurring debates about American grand strategy―about unilateralism versus multilateralism; the role of values in U.S. grand strategy; the question of demarcating America's security frontiers―and showing how past debates about these questions illuminate the contemporary debate about American grand strategy. Formidably researched and clearly written, this book is required reading for students of U.S. grand strategy, and will be of interest to nonspecialist readers as well.
-- Christopher Layne, University Distinguished Professor of International AffairsTexas A&M University, author of The Peace of Illusions: American Grand Strategy from 1940 to the PresentAbout the Author
Christopher Hemmer is the Dean and a Professor of International Security Studies at the Air War College. He is the author of Which Lessons Matter? American Foreign Policy Decision Making in the Middle East, 1979–1987.
Product details
- Publisher : Cornell University Press (November 16, 2015)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 240 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0801454247
- ISBN-13 : 978-0801454240
- Reading age : 18 years and up
- Item Weight : 1.05 pounds
- Dimensions : 6.12 x 0.94 x 9.25 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #1,984,655 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #2,355 in National & International Security (Books)
- #4,080 in Military Strategy History (Books)
- #16,932 in American Military History
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

Christopher Hemmer is a Professor of International Security Studies and the Dean of the Air War College. Before joining the War College he taught at Cornell University and Colgate University. He received his Ph.D. in 1998 from the Department of Government at Cornell University with a specialty in international relations. He received his BA from the State University of New York at Albany, where he majored in political science and minored in psychology. His principal teaching and research interests are American foreign policy, political psychology, and Middle East politics. He is the author of, Which Lessons Matter? American Foreign Policy Decision Making in the Middle East, 1979-1987 (State University of New York Press, 2000) and his most recent book is entitled American Pendulum: Recurring Debates in U.S. Grand Strategy (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2015).
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- Reviewed in the United States on November 11, 2017Ever wonder why different administrations seem to careen back and forth between different world engagement policies? Chris lays it out very well in this book. Succinct, entertaining, and informative. Great book!
Top reviews from other countries
わいてぃReviewed in Japan on February 8, 20165.0 out of 5 stars Great!
This is one of the greatest book to decribe the important history of US grand strategy. It covers mainly after 1945 to the current Obama days, but also puts some critical points of former days since the turn of the 20th century. This is the Critical Book which every sincere student must read.


