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Memoirs of a Revolutionist Paperback – April 1, 2002
- Print length524 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherFredonia Books
- Publication dateApril 1, 2002
- Dimensions5 x 1.25 x 8 inches
- ISBN-101589637704
- ISBN-13978-1589637702
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From the Author
"We certainly foresaw that if full freedom is left to the individual for the expression of his ideas and for action, we should have to face a certain amount of extravagant exaggerations of our principles. I had seen it in the Nihilist movement in Russia. But we trusted - and experience has proved that we were right - that social life itself... would be the most effective means for threshing out opinions."
Product details
- Publisher : Fredonia Books (April 1, 2002)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 524 pages
- ISBN-10 : 1589637704
- ISBN-13 : 978-1589637702
- Item Weight : 1.41 pounds
- Dimensions : 5 x 1.25 x 8 inches
- Customer Reviews:
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Apart from providing a wonderful insight into life in Russia during the pre-revolutionary period, this memoir helps to understand the political and philosophical development of a key figure in the pantheon of anarchist thinkers.
Recommended.
Reviewed in the United States on June 23, 2022
I read it to find the moment of his conversion from spoiled child of aristocrat parents to Socialist. It was anti-climactic. Same old story of pampered angst against the system looking for self validation - much like the American radicals of the ‘60s.
The basic facts of Kropotkin's life are easily accessible elsewhere, so I won't recapitulate them here. Suffice it to say he was born into a life of privilege, which he rejected in order to pursue what he regarded as a higher calling. The first volume discusses his childhood in St. Petersburg, his youth in Siberia, and his eventual imprisonment for political activities. The second describes his geographic work, his escape from prison, and his adventures in the political underground of Europe, from about 1870-1900. The second volume is far less concerned with narrating facts than the first - whereas, in the first volume, seemingly trivial incidents were retold in lavish detail, in the second he frequently neglects to mention what city he is living in, how he is getting his money, and other basic facts which, presumably, readers of a biography would be interested to know. About 1/3 of the way through he casually mentions that he has acquired a wife, who is never named, but who was apparently an active companion in his revolutionary labors.
The general impression that one gets from this volume is of a kindly, intelligent, generous man, filled with enthusiasm for a new age which, he is sure, is just about to dawn. No doubt generalizing from his experience of Czarist government, where the description probably contains a great deal of justice, he regards the defenders of aristocracy and bourgeois republicanism alike as corrupt, incompetent, and simply backward men, clinging to tradition out of sheer stubbornness. The superiority of scientific socialism is for him a given, requiring no explanation or apology.
Beneath ideology, one gets the impression that Kropotkin's real complaint against Czarist Russia - the context in which his character and basic political ideas were formed - is the ridigidy of its ideas and the brutality of their enforcement. The way he tells it, it was simply not possible for a good idea to get a hearing in Alexander II's Russia - all power was reserved to a tiny clique of aristocrats who hovered around the Czar, and who competed to influence him. For anyone outside that circle to display the slightest inclination toward independent thought, let alone personal initiative, was to invite the unkind attention of the authorities. Having grown up in this circle himself, Kropotkin is under no illusion as to their real character and abilities - he thinks they are, at best, close-minded old fuddy-duddies, and at worst a pack of brutal and corrupt tyrants. His account of his time in Russia is littered with examples of both, and he appears to have been genuinely moved by the plight of the ordinary people, who had no way to seek redress for their grievances under the Czarist system. These were the ideas he carried with him into Europe, and which shaped his basic outlook on the governments he found there. In practice they were, of course, considerably more tolerant and forward-thinking than Czarist Russia, but he does not seem to have noticed it.
There is no trace of bitterness or personal enmity in this book - despite his frequent imprisonment at the hands of the authorities, for no crime other than what we, in the United States, would regard as the exercise of our 1st amendment rights. But perhaps he is leaving some of his shadier activities out of the narrative, and if the authorities could tell their side of the story perhaps we would be in the possession of a very different set of facts. Nevertheless, he undoubtedly regarded himself as an enemy of the state, and was so regarded by the authorities, so the lack of personal enmity is remarkable. On the contrary, this book is filled with the praise of friends, family, and fellow revolutionaries. He even has kind words for the Czar Alexander II, whom he regarded as a basically well-meaning but weak-willed man, forever being mislead by crafty and devious advisers.
His descriptions of prison life, and of bizarre misadventures involving police spies, are the things I found mostly valuable in this book. It gives the reader a real sense of time and place, and one gets a definite sense of just how widespread socialist ideas were at that time, and just how much people were ready to sacrifice on their behalf. It also gives further evidence of the prestige and power of a then-current ideology, which might be labelled "scientism." Kropotkin is proud of his standing as a scientist, and he devotes considerable space to his geographical activities. This is not simply because he regards these as a professional accomplishment, or because it was an important part of his life - it is also because he senses that his activities as a scientist will lend an air of legitimacy to his political ideas, which he regards as resting on the same solid ground as his geographical activities. Or, in other words, he shares with Marx and many other socialists of his time the conviction that socialism is scientific, and that socialist ideas - or, as he refers to them "advanced opinions" occupy a special pride of place in the intellectual life of Europe at the time. To be a socialist is, for Kropotkin, to be a clear thinker - to be anything other than a socialist is to be unscientific, illogical, unreasonable. He doesn't exactly say all of this in his memoir - that would have been too direct - but he assumes it on every page. Careful readers of this text will be able to infer much that he does not openly declare.
All in all Kropotkin strikes me as having belonged to the early generation of revolutionaries - idealists who regarded their ideals as mere common sense, who had not yet appreciated what a bitter and protracted struggle they had on their hands, and who were pleased to imagine that a popular uprising could be expected any day. In Germany, France, and Italy revolutionary zeal would be tamed considerably by the incorporation of the socialist program into legalized and respectable political parties. People who wanted an armed revolution were not so much suppressed, as they were rendered politically irrelevant by government concessions to the common people. Russian politics was to take a very different course, with what results everyone knows. It is ironic, however, that our perception of socialism is so heavily influenced by the disastrous Russian experiment, when, as a matter of history, the Russian socialists were neither representative nor particularly numerous when compared to their European colleagues. Memoirs of a revolutionist is useful as a corrective to that kind of thinking.
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Aside from that, and if you are already tuned into Russia, this is another set of memoirs written by somebody who lead an incredibly interesting life; a life no one could lead now. He himself is an endearing man, especially when he writes about his childhood.
I'm struggling to write an objective review... You're either a Russophile, or you're not. But even if you're not, I still think you will gain some interesting insights into life in Russia at the time.







