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A People's Tragedy: The Russian Revolution: 1891-1924 Paperback – March 1, 1998
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It is history on an epic yet human scale. Vast in scope, exhaustive in original research, written with passion, narrative skill, and human sympathy, A People's Tragedy is a profound account of the Russian Revolution for a new generation. Many consider the Russian Revolution to be the most significant event of the twentieth century. Distinguished scholar Orlando Figes presents a panorama of Russian society on the eve of that revolution, and then narrates the story of how these social forces were violently erased. Within the broad stokes of war and revolution are miniature histories of individuals, in which Figes follows the main players' fortunes as they saw their hopes die and their world crash into ruins. Unlike previous accounts that trace the origins of the revolution to overreaching political forces and ideals, Figes argues that the failure of democracy in 1917 was deeply rooted in Russian culture and social history and that what had started as a people's revolution contained the seeds of its degeneration into violence and dictatorship. A People's Tragedy is a masterful and original synthesis by a mature scholar, presented in a compelling and accessibly human narrative.
- Print length1024 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherPenguin Books
- Publication dateMarch 1, 1998
- Dimensions6.19 x 1.73 x 9.18 inches
- ISBN-10014024364X
- ISBN-13978-0140243642
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Editorial Reviews
Review
Eric Hobsbawm, The London Review of Books
"I doubt there is anyone in the world who knows the revolution as well as Figes does."
Norman Stone, The Sunday Times (London)
"An engagingly written and well-researched book. . . . Will stand for some time as a standard of historical scholarship."
Steven Merritt Miner, The New York Times Book Review
"Huge in scope, brilliant in vignette, dark and implacable in theme, it is a modern masterpiece."
Andrew Marr, The Independent
About the Author
Product details
- Publisher : Penguin Books; Reprint edition (March 1, 1998)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 1024 pages
- ISBN-10 : 014024364X
- ISBN-13 : 978-0140243642
- Item Weight : 2.2 pounds
- Dimensions : 6.19 x 1.73 x 9.18 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #100,657 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #30 in Russian & Soviet Politics
- #113 in Communism & Socialism (Books)
- #161 in Russian History (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
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Customers find this book a compelling and informative account of the Russian Revolution. They describe it as an excellent, interesting read that almost feels like good fiction. The research is meticulously done, providing a complex and nuanced analysis of the events. The narrative is well-organized and full of interesting details, with personal stories from different levels of society providing rich perspectives and exploring motivations.
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Customers find the book engaging and interesting. They describe it as a good quality history book with a clear narrative. While it's a long read, they say it's worth it and a must-read for both capitalists and socialists alike.
"...They are all beautifully rendered in a way that allows a reader to pick up the book and read any of them independently, almost like a short story!..." Read more
"Very interesting read. Vital book for Russian history" Read more
"...third book of Figes' that I read, and I have to say that while they are all great, they all left me wondering what the standard story line was......" Read more
"Figes's history of the Russian Revolution is detailed and an enjoyable read...." Read more
Customers find the book compelling and well-told. They appreciate the author's perspective and historical context. The book provides a thorough account of the Russian Revolution that reads like poetic fiction yet remains rigorously researched. Overall, customers find the author's writing fair and the story interesting.
"...The advantage of this perspective is that it gives the reader an historical context for the events that eventually brought down centuries of tsarist..." Read more
"...It is, but it is so much more than that. Nothing escapes the author's interest, and we're left with not only a political analysis, but also a..." Read more
"Very interesting read. Vital book for Russian history" Read more
"...Isaac Deutsher certainly told a similar story, but Figes tells this story extremely well, and lays out Lenin's plan for his war to oust Stalin from..." Read more
Customers appreciate the book's thorough research and detailed analysis of the main characters. They find it informative, with a wealth of detail and a better understanding of the revolution. The book provides comprehensive coverage from the last decade of Imperialism. It is considered one of the best contemporary analyses of the Russian Revolution.
"...Comprehensive and informed, it is a generally lively read, as history books go...." Read more
"...Figes takes a broad view of his subject; his history stretches over nearly two generations, from the famine of 1891 to the death of Lenin in 1924...." Read more
"...Let's just say that the book is entirely comprehensive, from the last decade of Imperial rule, the 1905 Revolution and the Parliamentary period,..." Read more
"...I very much enjoy the spirit of a peoples revolution. It is a tremendous hope, of oppressed people around the World...." Read more
Customers find the narrative engaging and well-organized. They appreciate the personal stories from different levels of society that provide rich, heartfelt perspectives. The book explores motivations and events related to the overall subject theme. Readers find the book passionate and humane, putting a damper on middle class sentimental enthusiasms for the poorer classes.
"The sheer amount of interesting and valuable information in this book alone makes it worth reading. Figes comes across as fair in his writing...." Read more
"...The wealth of detail was exactly what I wanted to learn. The in depth personal stories from different levels of society provide rich and heart..." Read more
"...views of the revolution and offers the most lengthy and highly detailed narrative of social, cultural, economic, technological and religious..." Read more
"...And no, I am not Orlando Figes. This book has the passion and the pathos, the humor and the humanity. I guess that this is what they call literature...." Read more
Top reviews from the United States
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- Reviewed in the United States on October 27, 2008You can't make an omelet without breaking some eggs and the Russian Revolution was one bloody big omelet. Orlando Figes does an admirable job of providing a look at the big picture of the Revolution--taking us back a good two decades before it began and bringing us up to Lenin's death, about a decade after. The advantage of this perspective is that it gives the reader an historical context for the events that eventually brought down centuries of tsarist rule and raised up the Bolsheviks. The obvious disadvantage of such an approach is that a certain amount of detail is unavoidably lost.
Still, for a one-volume treatment of the subject, you can't go wrong with this book. Comprehensive and informed, it is a generally lively read, as history books go. Figes tries to balance the personalities, the politics, and the events of the Revolution to bring it to life without sacrificing facts. It is a compelling period filled with fascinating characters--Rasputin, Tsar Nicholas, Kerensky, Lenin, Trotsky, Lvov, Gorky and that's just scratching the surface. Figes, not quite agreeing with the Marxist/Hegelian view that men don't make history, effectively shows the importance of the personalities of the Revolution's cast of characters and how a different man in the same place at the same time could have easily changed everything.
Figes tries to remain balanced in his account by pointing out where "right wing" historians and "left wing" historians often interpret events differently. His own view, in the end, is that the Bolshevik revolution was an idealistic concept that was doomed to fail when applied by and applied to imperfect human beings. The result was the erosion of idealism to totalitarian terror. If you are a committed Marxist, chances are you'll find yourself opposing the tone of this book. If you are a commie-basher, it'll probably suit you better, but Figes sympathy towards the more genuinely committed communists will probably aggravate your intolerance. For the rest of us, without a particular ideological axe to grind, Figes comes off about as fair and balanced as a thinking individual with the capacity for informed judgment can be.
This book is long, dense, and it'll take a while for you to read, but if the subject interests you at all, it's well worth the time and effort. It's also essential reading to understand how and why the Soviet experiment degenerated into the nightmare that were the Stalin years. With so much talk lately about America's turn towards "socialism" and the rising level of vitriolic and polarizing discontent with our government, *A People's Tragedy* offers unexpected contemporary insight into the dynamics of political and social change that should give us all pause.
Even if we're condemned to repeat history, at least we can be prepared for it.
- Reviewed in the United States on July 20, 2021There are lots of books on the Russian Revolution. Few are as comprehensive and compelling as Orlando Figes’ “A People’s Tragedy: The Russian Revolution: 1891 – 1924,” first published to wide critical acclaim in 1997.
Figes takes a broad view of his subject; his history stretches over nearly two generations, from the famine of 1891 to the death of Lenin in 1924. He argues for the 1891 date because the whole of Russian society had been “politicized and radicalized” as a result of the famine crisis and the Tsarist regime’s inept response to it. Tsar Nicolas II remained wedded to autocracy in the face of increasing calls for reform from both the industrial centers of his country and the agricultural peasantry. Hostility and resentment would fester for decades.
The author ascribes great importance to the personal role played by Bolshevik leader, Vladimir Lenin, in the Revolution of 1917. “Much of Lenin’s success in 1917 was no doubt explained by his towering domination over the [Bolshevik] party,” Figes writes, “which distinguished [them] from the Mensheviks (who had no clear leader of their own).” Indeed, according to Figes, “few historical events in the modern era better illustrate the decisive effect of an individual on the course of history … Without his decisive personal influence, it is hard to imagine a Bolshevik seizure of power.”
That is not to say that a Bolshevik victory was foreordained. Far from it. Alexander Kerensky was, for a brief time, the most popular man in Russia and had a reasonable chance at establishing the authority of the Provisional Government. In Figes’ estimation, Kerensky and his allies failed to grasp the depth of war wariness among the Russian people. They believed that a last ditch offensive against the Germans might rally the country behind the Provisional Government in the national defense of democracy. They were badly mistaken. Had the Provisional Government adopted a similar policy as the Bolsheviks and immediately opened peace negotiations with the Germans in the summer of 1917, “no doubt the Bolsheviks would never have come to power,” says Figes.
The author also claims that Kerensky made critical errors in his handling of the so-called Kornilov Affair. “One of the most enduring myths of the Russian Revolution is the notion that Kornilov was planning a coup d’etat against the Provisional Government,” Figes says. “But the evidence suggests that Kornilov, far from plotting the overthrow of the Provisional Government, had in fact intended to save it.” Miscommunication and misunderstanding led to a rupture that in many ways sealed the fate of Kerensky and his Provisional Government.
The Bolsheviks, meanwhile, stumbled toward power. Lenin was ill-prepared for seizing power during most of 1917. For instance, Figes argues that the Bolshevik leader could have taken power during the spontaneous July Days uprising, if he had been prepared and willing. “With 50,000 armed and angry men surrounding the Tauride Palace” in July 1917, Figes writes, “there was nothing to prevent a Bolshevik coup d’etat.” When the next opportunity came in October Lenin would not be caught flat-footed. Figes claims that Lenin almost single-handedly seized power.
For the Bolsheviks of 1917, the revolution in Russia was only a part – and a small part at that – of the worldwide struggle between imperialism and socialism. The decision to make a separate and humiliating peace with Germany was, Figes says, “without doubt one of the most critical moments in the history of the party.” The newborn Soviet Republic lost 34% of her population, 54% of his industrial enterprises and 89% of her coalmines in the Brest-Litovsk Treaty. In Figes’ estimation, “The peace of Brest-Litovsk marked the completion of Lenin’s revolution: it was the culmination of October.” There was no longer any prospect of the revolution spreading to the West.
The subsequent Russian Civil War of 1918 to 1920 was brutal. The Whites assumed they could win the civil war without the support of the peasantry; or, at any rate, they seemed to think that the whole question of land reform could be put off until after victory. It couldn’t. “Whereas land reform was the first act of the Bolsheviks,” Figes writes, “it was the last act of the Whites,” and this goes a long way in explaining the outcome of the civil war. Both the Reds and the Whites were constantly crippled by mass desertion, by the breakdown of supplies, by strikes and peasant revolts in the rear. But their ability to maintain their campaigns in spite of all these problems depended less on military factors than on political ones. The Reds had one crucial advantage, Figes says: they were able to fight under the Red Flag and claim to be defending “the revolution.” Meanwhile, the Whites’ failure to recognize the peasant revolution on the land and the national independence movements doomed them to defeat. “In the end,” Figes writes, “the defeat of the Whites comes down largely to their own dismal failure to break with the past and to regain the initiative within the agenda of 1917.”
If you’re looking to read just one book on the Russian Revolution and have the stamina and fortitude to plow through 800 pages of dense historical writing, “A People’s Tragedy” is an excellent choice.
Top reviews from other countries
Biswajit BhaktaReviewed in India on September 21, 20195.0 out of 5 stars Comprehensive book on Russian Revolution.
It is probably the most complete and comprehensive book on the history of Russian Revolution.
MattReviewed in Canada on May 16, 20155.0 out of 5 stars Incredible.
This book has displaced "Rise and Fall of the Third Reich" as my 'favorite' history book of all time. I say "favorite" because this book is not for the faint of heart: it is massive, dense and harrowing. The author brings an incredibly confusing and brutal revolution to life with very lively writing. By the time the revolution finally broke I had some sense of the absolutely crushing impossibility of the situation. Burning everything to the ground and instituting random terror as a government policy made "sense" in context of the situation.
bookloverReviewed in the United Kingdom on December 19, 20155.0 out of 5 stars A masterpiece
A masterpiece. Well-written, absorbing, fascinating. It's huge but I couldn't put it down and found myself reading snatches whenever I could - at breakfast, for example: it's very easy to pick up from where you were (unlike other academic books I've read).
Structured chronologically, it's a full account of the Tsarist regime's downfall, the revolutions of 1917 and the Lenin years. However, it's so much more than that. Spiced with personal stories and anecdotes, it is history 'brought alive'. The real strength is that political history is underpinned by social history: evidence of how these historic events affected people. The political and the social are equally valid and necessary.
I've have studied Russian history at A level and I've also visited Russia, but reading this book allowed me, for the first time, to really understood the Russian story, even some of the famous episodes. Much of Russian history is simplified, biased, made facile, or fudged. Figes shows that it is SO much more complex than you thought! But the joy of this book is that the complexities are untangled for you. At the same time, the real essence of things is exposed: Figes seems to really 'get' Russia and its people.
I have read many, many history books - but this one stands out as the best I've ever read. Not only is it formidably scholarly, it's written and easy to read. I highlighted sections as I read, for ease of locating important points when using it as a reference book.
Two minor points to end with: I was very familiar with the history before I read this (or thought I was!) - i.e. I knew all the major and even minor figures fairly well and have read Service's biography of Lenin, but if this was your first introduction to the subject it might be a bit more daunting (though still accessible, I feel). Secondly, there was repetition and the author could have used a more ruthless editor. Having said this, it remains, in my view, a masterpiece of history and probably one of the most important accounts of the revolution written in English.
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P. GeeromsReviewed in Germany on April 22, 20135.0 out of 5 stars definitives buch uber die Russiche revolution
Wenn du ein Buch lesen über die Russische Revolution, das sollte dieser sein.
Figes kennt die Geschichte van Osteuropa wie kein andere.
AmbraReviewed in Italy on January 17, 20134.0 out of 5 stars A peope's tragedy
The book is a detailed and comprehensive history of the Russian Revolutions, narrated like a novel with a thorough analysis of the causes which brought to the 1905 and later to 1917 revolutions in Russia. It is very pleasant to read in spite of the length of the book. I had been looking for Figes book in my language (Italian) for a long time but couldn't find it or any other work similar to it. I have therefore decided to order it on Amazon in English, since I wanted a complete report of this historical period. I must say I have made the right decision and I have not been disappointed from such brilliancy of analysis and ability to present the revolution from all points of view, be it the peasants, the Tzarist regime, the working class etc, as well as private stories which allow you to "feel" the atmosphere and the daily toil simple citizens had to face during that period....








