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The People's Republic of Amnesia: Tiananmen Revisited Hardcover – June 4, 2014
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Longlisted for the Lionel Gelber Award for the Best Non-Fiction book in the world on Foreign Affairs
An Economist Book of the Year, 2014
A New York Times Book Review Editor's Choice
"One of the best analyses of the impact of Tiananmen throughout China in the years since 1989." --The New York Times Book Review
On June 4, 1989, People's Liberation Army soldiers opened fire on unarmed civilians in Beijing, killing untold hundreds of people. A quarter-century later, this defining event remains buried in China's modern history, successfully expunged from collective memory. In The People's Republic of Amnesia, Louisa Lim charts how the events of June 4th changed China, and how China changed the events of June 4th by rewriting its own history.
Lim reveals new details about those fateful days, including how one of the country's most senior politicians lost a family member to an army bullet, as well as the inside story of the young soldiers sent to clear Tiananmen Square. She also introduces us to individuals whose lives were transformed by the events of Tiananmen Square, such as a founder of the Tiananmen Mothers, whose son was shot by martial law troops; and one of the most important government officials in the country, who post-Tiananmen became one of its most prominent dissidents. And she examines how June 4th shaped China's national identity, fostering a generation of young nationalists, who know little and care less about 1989. For the first time, Lim uncovers the details of a brutal crackdown in a second Chinese city that until now has been a near-perfect case study in the state's ability to rewrite history, excising the most painful episodes. By tracking down eyewitnesses, discovering US diplomatic cables, and combing through official Chinese records, Lim offers the first account of a story that has remained untold for a quarter of a century. The People's Republic of Amnesia is an original, powerfully gripping, and ultimately unforgettable book about a national tragedy and an unhealed wound.
- Print length264 pages
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherOxford University Press
- Publication dateJune 4, 2014
- Dimensions6.4 x 1 x 9.3 inches
- ISBN-100199347700
- ISBN-13978-0199347704
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- Publisher : Oxford University Press; 1st edition (June 4, 2014)
- Language : English
- Hardcover : 264 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0199347700
- ISBN-13 : 978-0199347704
- Item Weight : 1.25 pounds
- Dimensions : 6.4 x 1 x 9.3 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #1,270,098 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #1,519 in Asian Politics
- #2,043 in Chinese History (Books)
- #32,978 in World History (Books)
- Customer Reviews:
About the author

Louisa Lim is an award-winning journalist who has reported from China for the past decade, most recently for National Public Radio. Previously she was the BBC's Beijing Correspondent.
She currently lives in Melbourne, Australia, where she is a Senior Lecturer at the University of Melbourne.
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Customers find the book a good, terrific, and fun read. They also find it informative, with plenty of context. Readers describe the writing quality as well-written.
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Customers find the book good, terrific, and fun. They say it's a valuable book for anyone interested in China. Readers also mention the descriptions are sober and troubling.
"...It is a fairly quick read, and very well written...." Read more
"...The book can be a little cold at some spots, but otherwise, a good read." Read more
"...Was I wrong! This is a superb book. I am not a fast reader, but I finished it in one day. I learned new things in every chapter...." Read more
"...A friend suggested it to me.This is one of the best books I have ever read...." Read more
Customers find the book informative, insightful, and thought-provoking. They say it's a fascinating account of an event that has been buried in history. Readers also mention the most telling and inspiring chapter is the one focused on the Tiananmen Mothers. They appreciate the touching and revealing details.
"...The most telling and inspiring chapter for me was the one focused on the Tiananmen Mothers, those Chinese women who, having lost a child to the..." Read more
"Very good book describing the collective memory (or lack of) of the Tiananmen protests and the response from the peole who she had interviewed for..." Read more
"...Her book has the added merit of being succinct...." Read more
"...Ms Lim writes with a masterful grace. Her work is insightful and thought provoking. I wish I could give this book more than 5 stars." Read more
Customers find the writing quality of the book to be very good.
"...It is a fairly quick read, and very well written...." Read more
"...Very well written and researched. The book can be a little cold at some spots, but otherwise, a good read." Read more
"...On a purely technical level, Ms. Lim is an outstanding writer -- in the same class as Iris Chang...." Read more
"This brave, searing, beautifully and sensitively written book builds, Bolero-like, quietly, through profiles of carefully selected Tiananmen "types"..." Read more
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The most telling and inspiring chapter for me was the one focused on the Tiananmen Mothers, those Chinese women who, having lost a child to the People's Liberation Army's murderous rampage, have formed an organization that continues to press the Chinese government to admit to its wrongdoing and respond to their loss. There are so many touching and revealing details here. A particularly memorable one is the government's having placed a security camera over the spot where Ms. Zhang Xianlling's 19-year-old son was shot by the soldiers. The sole purpose of the camera is to deter her from her custom of revisiting the spot in memory of her murdered son. Additionally, whole platoons of security agents follow Ms. Zhang around every day. Often they don't even know why they are following her. One young female guard, after hearing from Ms. Zhang what the purpose of her assignment really was, walked off her post in disgust. What courage these Tiananmen Mothers have.
The sad part of the story is that the Chinese government's efforts at hiding what happened in 1989 have been fairly successful where the younger generation of Chinese is concerned. Many are completely ignorant about the massacre.
On the other hand, the massive and pervasive efforts that the government undertakes in order to keep its June Fourth massacre concealed from the public is an indication of just how frightened it is of the truth. I wonder what this implies for China's future.
Was I wrong! This is a superb book. I am not a fast reader, but I finished it in one day. I learned new things in every chapter. I was moved to tears by the chapter on the Tiananmen Mothers. There is no greater courage, no greater grief. The chapter on Bao Tong is also remarkable. On a purely technical level, Ms. Lim is an outstanding writer -- in the same class as Iris Chang. She uses a themed chapter format, most chapters concentrating on one or two people whom she personally interviewed. Her book has the added merit of being succinct. I suspect it took her twice the time to write a book half as long as most books on such weighty topics.
If you, like me, think you know all about Tiananmen, this book may surprise you.
And then and onward, with a score that beguns to thump a little, to martial strains...and a chapter on the thoroughly mobilized contemporary "patriot," completely ignorant - as are most Chinese his age - of the events of 3-4 June, the core of whose patriotism is the aggressive, increasingly militaristic nationalism the Party and government has sought (since the early 1990s) to cultivate in the populace as a substitute for ideology (I mean, who knew that a third of the output China's huge Hengdian film studio involves battles against Japanese "devils" and that some call the studio "a huge anti-Japanese revolutionary base"?)
Down into the home stretch, very like Ravel, Ms. Lim hits a revelatory (no pun intended) peak (especially for an old China hand) in a remarkable chapter on a man some of us will remember as pivotal in late-1980s China: Bao Tong, then the Politburo Standing Committee's secretary and deposed Party General Secretary Zhao Ziyang's right hand man. Bao was arrested little more than a week after Zhao's last public appearance and the declaration of martial law in mid-May 1989. He spent seven years in solitary at the famous Qincheng Prison for disgraced senior officials, and now, an octogenarian, lives under perpetual surveillance. Why? Because he has the superpower of "seeing through" and has the system of China's "success" figured out, all the way down to the ground. Bao describes it to Ms. Lim as a long chain of "mini-Tiananmens" that go all the way back to the night the People's Liberation Army fired on its own children. Each odious event - the constant watching, the constant suppression if not quite forcible repression (but that too), the arrests of grandmothers, the obsessive following around and, if need be, putting away anyone seen as possibly threatening the Great Power by saying the wrong words to the wrong person, anyone who threatens to chip away at the collective amnesia, to undo the technique of forgetting history, and thus expose the rotten foundations of today's China - stands as a small-reproduction of mindset that mandated the actions of June 1989 at the Gate of Heavenly Peace. And all these take place with with the nearly perpetual complicity of a silent West, which shuts its eyes, covers its ears, and rakes in its profits from "People's China." Thus do all these single events that accumulated into one mountainous malignancy that ultimately renders "the China miracle" possible and all the Chinese who benefit complicit in the monstrosity of Tiananmen.
Finally, Ms. Lim's - and our - remarkable journey ends, in a Ravelian crescendo, in one of the not-so-mini Tiananmens that have, until now, dwelt in obscurity to both Western and Chinese eyes: Chengdu, capital of Sichuan Province, where Zhao Ziyang had as First Secretary led successful free-market agricultural reforms that dramatically increased production and led to a local jingle - "yao chifan, zhao Ziyang" ("if you want to eat, look for Ziyang" - punning on "Zhao"). Chengdu was another scene of the bloody suppression of students in June 1989 - reportedly one of the more than 60 major Chinese municipalities that experienced disorder similar to that of Beijing, but the stories of which have never been told, except in occasional snippets (we've heard, for example, about former President and CCP Chief Jiang Zemin's successes as Shanghai party chief, part of his hagiographic resume when he was named to head the party, state, and military).
Ms. Lim drags the Chengdu story out of the dark, and in doing so stimulated distant memories. Long before the events of 1989, I had stayed at the Jinjiang Hotel, scene of the most heinous events Lim has been able to surface and report. I can imagine looking out my window, into the courtyard where I had watched chefs skinning snakes for the night's dinner, and witnessing instead atrocities, committed by Chinese against Chinese.
And atrocities of a different sort are committed today in the Chinese leadership's failure to admit the success China today enjoys is built upon lies and serial inhumanity. We think of Lu Xun: men eat men. I know: we have our own ghosts in the American closet. (Think, for instance, of Ta-Nehisi Coate's persuasive argment that the greatest of the US economic achievement is built on the grimmest, ugliest feature of US history, indeed, an American holocaust: slavery and its ugly, prejudicial aftermath of lynchings, the denial of Federal benefits to African Americans, neighborhood redlining, overcharging, and on and on and on...) But here in the United States, we can discuss our ghosts, and worry about and become activists for solutions. We're able to expose the lie and have the power to TRY to disinfect the wounds.
But in China, one cannot raise the lies and serial inhumanities, because to begin that discussion risks bringing the entire corrupt house of cards down...and with it, the lives and fortunes of the families and friends who have benefited the most from the rot and corruption that permeates the "China miracle."
We owe Louisa Lim a debt of gratitude for bringing so much of the hidden story to light, and we can only hope that she has a legion of successors who will expose other stories of June 1989 from across China.
This is one of the best books I have ever read.
I wish that every person who believes themselves to be a “journalist “ or wants to be one- should be required to read this book. This is how a journalist should write about an event.
Ms Lim writes with a masterful grace. Her work is insightful and thought provoking. I wish I could give this book more than 5 stars.
Top reviews from other countries
People's Republic of Amnesia addresses several key issues not included in accounts one reads in modern history books. Amongst these are;
The extent to which the Chinese government has successfully whitewashed Tiananmen from popular memory, along with the weapon of nationalistic education. To such an extent that when one witnesses the flag raising ceremony at Tiananmen, one cannot help but marvel at how a place of national shame has become a place of national pride.
The extent to which Tiananmen mothers have been denied any kind of closure, and how they are subject to monitoring by a constant faceless bureaucracy, and the truly faceless nature of the regime on this matter.
The extent of the division within the leadership. Not just Zhao Ziyang, but also the Commander of the Beijing Military Region General Xu Qinxian, who personally remarked that he would rather be beheaded than go down in history as a murderer, and paid for this with his career and a life spent under supervision.
The truly shoddy nature of how the operation was executed. Not only were most of the soldiers deployed badly trained, and ill informed, but the fact was that initial attempts to deploy them failed. The citizens blockaded them and it seemed as though the implementation of martial law was in standstill, looking almost like a joke at first. However, what followed was no joke. Amongst the killed and wounded were even government officials and their families, as the troops fired up warning shots and hit residential compounds at Muxidi.
Perhaps the best was saved until last, which was Chengdu. Perhaps it is inappropriate to say best, but Chengdu and it's brutal crackdown on June 5th is almost entirely forgotten. It is a story that should be told, and here it is solemnly told.
People's Republic of Amnesia is a strongly recommended read for all China enthusiasts and history enthusiasts. It should be read because it details one of the greatest thefts of history in modern times. Indeed there are other thefts of history, not least of which is the Japanese amnesia that routinely agitates China, however this testimony is a perect expose at China's very own amnesia. Everyone should read it!
25 years after the brutal crackdown of the students’ protest movement which has become a part of (Western) history as Tiananmen-massacre, the topic is still a taboo in China. The government wants its people to forget what has happened, and unfortunately, it is quite successful with its strategy – China, finally, has become the “People’s Republic of Amnesia”, as Louisa Lim states in the title of her book.
„Memory is dangerous in a country that was built to function on national amnesia.“
In her book, the author breaks the silence and revives the memories of probably the biggest taboo of China. She enlightens the students’ movement of 1989 from various perspectives – the soldier who had to follow the government, the students, their mothers.
For example, there’s Chen Guang, a former soldier who is now an artist obsessed with painting images related to the trauma – even though he knows he will never be allowed to show his artwork in mainland China. „Of course there is guilt“, he admits. „Over a long period of time, you realize that there were many things you could have chosen not to do.“ Or Wu’er Kaixi, the most prominent of the students’ leaders who met Li Peng in the Great Hall of the People in his pajamas, painfully undernourished, and who interrupted China’s Premier harshly – he lives in exile today. There are the Tiananmen Mothers, the highest-ranking official Bao Tong, today’s Beijing students.
Ms Lim talked to all of them. She and her protagonists can’t answer all of the open questions regarding Tiananmen 1989; many of them will probably remain unanswered forever. But the author succeeds in painting a diverse and deeply emotional picture of what happened in this summer 1989 in Beijing.
That she is talking out of her own perspective from time to time, adds a personal touch to the book. Because „People’s Republic of Amnesia“ is not only a scientific work, but it is Ms Lim’s search for information, it is her long journey of research on which she takes the reader with her. She tells how she met her interviewees, where the appointments took place, how she felt during the talks – for example, when she met the former student Zhang Ming who continues his very own hunger strike by not eating solid food, but only milk, and she suddenly felt she was hungry. Or, on another occasion: „To find out more, I dug up an old copy of an Asia Watch report detailing the treatment of those 11 prisoners at Lingyuan. As I read the account, I felt a low pulse of shame at my attempts to excavate those long-buried memories.”
The last chapter “Chengdu” deserves special credit. Because it wasn’t only in Beijing that students were fighting for a better China. Wuhan, Chengdu – in many more cities there were smaller versions of Tiananmen. Some say it was in up to 80 cities in the whole country. With previously unreleased pictures and sources, Ms Lim reconstructs on the example of Chengdu how those movements took place. This way, she does not only focus on Beijing, but remembers all the others “Tiananmens” that took place in 1989.
No-one knows which consequences the publishing of this book will have for Louisa Lim – or if it does have any consequences at all. However, it was worth the risk. Because Ms Lim takes her readers as close to Tiananmen as no other author did before. She paints a deeply intense, very touching picture of the democratic movement, its brutal end and consequences that will also help to understand contemporary China in a better way.
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